公共工程招投标政商关系腐败诱因分析

Analysis on the Inducements of B2G Corruption in Public Projects Bidding

公共工程招投标是政府快速实现资源市场化配置的重要抓手,然而作为政府管理和市场交易的重要接触面,通过政商关系非法获取公共工程成为部分企业常见的"搭便车"行为和腐败动力.为剖析公共工程招投标政商关系腐败原因和机制,根据已有研究成果并咨询国内建设企业高管和招投标专家,总结出影响政商关系腐败的24个因素,利用自组织特征映射神经网络将其归纳为不正当利益诉求、竞争压力过大、市场化水平过低、关系锚定程度过深及规制缺陷5个维度.并利用贝叶斯网络进行了逆向推理、敏感性分析、最大致因链分析,得出导致政商关系腐败的4个致因源头和4条主要致因链,为公共工程招投标反腐败制度的完善提供了启示.

Public projects bidding is important for the government to facilitate the market-oriented allocation of resources in a quick way.However,as an important interface between government management and market transactions,illegal access to public works through political and commercial relations has become a common"free riding"behavior and corruption power of some enterprises.To analyze the causes and mechanism of B2G corruption in public projects bidding,this research summarizes 24 factors influencing B2G corruption based on the existing studies and interviews with the senior managers and bidding experts of domestic construction enterprises.Then,the SOM neural network is used to classify these factors into five dimensions,i.e.,unfair interest demands,excessive competition pressure,low marketization level,too deep relationship anchoring,and regulatory defects.Finally,this research uses Bayesian network to carry out reverse reasoning,sensitivity analysis and maximum causal chain analysis,and get four causal sources and four main causal chains that lead to B2G corruption,which provide some enlightenment for the improvement of the anti-corruption system of public projects bidding.