中国多民族谷种起源神话中的盗取母题研究

Study on the Stealing Motif of Theft in the Seed Origin Myth of Chinese Multi-ethnic

神话是上古先民所确信的神圣叙事,它以独特的言语形式记录着先民在特定时期的思维观念和生活环境。谷种起源神话作为文化起源神话的重要内容,反映了先民对步入农业文明社会的认知。盗取母题在谷种起源神话中是较为特殊的,它将谷种的来源归因于盗窃这种非文明的手段,而盗取者却成为了本民族的文化英雄,其中的内涵值得分析。目前搜集到的资料中,有28个民族的109篇文本中都存在着此类母题。本文按照偷取谷种行为主体的不同,着重对神女盗取型、神性人物盗取型和凡人盗取型进行分类解读。

Mythology is a sacred narrative believed by ancient people.It records the thinking concept and living environment of the ancestors in a specific period in a unique form of speech.As an important part of cul⁃tural origin mythology,the origin myth of seed reflects the cognition of the ancestors to enter the agricultural civ⁃ilization society.The motif of stealing is special in the myth of the origin of seed.It attributes the origin of seed to theft,which is an uncivilized means.However,the stealer has become the cultural hero of the nation,and the connotation is worth analyzing.At present,109 texts of 28 nationalities have such motifs.According to the dif⁃ferent behavior subjects of stealing,this paper focuses on the classification and interpretation of stealing type of Goddess,divine character and mortal.