水电工程不良地质体预测评价方法研究

Study on Prediction and Evaluation Method of Unfavorable Geological Body in Hydropower Project

近年来,随着水电工程的大规模建设,长大隧道数量也越来越多。但施工进度经常成为制约整个项目的瓶颈。隧道快速掘进的主要难题是如何超前了解掌子面前方的地质情况和岩石力学参数,如何提前预判塌方、突泥、突涌等灾害。目前,对不良地质工程灾害早期的识别在方法上主要有两大类:第一类是采用具有较大探测深度的地面大地电磁勘探方法;第二类是隧道超前地质预报技术。由于在隧道中施测一般具有扰源多、全空间影响等特征,目前存在噪声影响大、施测效率低、多解性强、预报准确性低等问题。论文从三维技术、可视化及硬件方面入手对现有技术进行方法论述,以满足生产实践要求。

In recent years,with the large-scale construction of hydropower projects,the number of long tunnels is increasing.But the construction schedule often becomes the bottleneck that restricts the whole project.The main problem of fast tunneling is how to understand the geological conditions and rock mechanics parameters in front of the tunnel face in advance,and how to predict the disasters such as collapse,mud burst and surge in advance.At present,there are mainly two kinds of methods for early identification of adverse geological engineering disasters.The first one is the ground MT exploration method with large detection depth;the second is the tunnel advanced geological prediction technology.Because the measurement in the tunnel generally has the characteristics of multiple disturbance sources and full space influence,there are some problems such as large noise impact,low measurement efficiency,strong multi solution and low prediction accuracy.This paper discusses the existing technology from three-dimensional technology,visualization and hardware,in order to meet the requirements of production practice.