明代石碑高精度真实纹理三维建模应用

Application of high-precision real texture 3D modeling in Ming Dynasty stone tablet

为了解决精细化文物三维测绘精细建模的难题,本文利用手持式高精度三维激光扫描技术对栅栏墓园内的利玛窦墓碑、汤若望墓碑、南怀仁墓碑进行了高精度真实纹理三维激光扫描建模的研究,保证了文物模型的精度、精细度和完整性。手持式高精度三维激光扫描技术结合了三角测量、激光测量、近景摄影测量、自定位等技术手段,实现了对具有一定体量的复杂纹理文物的精细化测绘。本文通过对三角测量技术和近景摄影测量技术的基础原理进行分析,将两者的特点相结合,摸索出一套针对精细纹理和复杂雕刻的文物三维扫描技术流程。通过对手持式激光扫描技术的研究,验证了该技术对文物测绘的可行性和可靠性,为中尺度体量文物测绘总结了一套全新的技术流程,为今后探索针对不同体量的文物三维测绘,以及多种测绘技术相融合奠定了基础。

In order to solve the problem of fine modeling of 3 D surveying and mapping of cultural relics,this paper mainly discusses the use of hand-held high-precision three-dimensional laser scanning technology to study the high-precision real texture three-dimensional laser scanning modeling of Matteo Ricci tombstone,Tang ruowang tombstone and Nan Huairen tombstone in the palisade cemetery,which ensures the accuracy,precision and integrity of the cultural relic model.Hand held high-precision 3 D laser scanning technology combines triangulation,laser measurement,close range photogrammetry,self positioning and other technical means to realize the fine mapping of complex texture cultural relics with a certain volume.In this paper,through the analysis of the basic principles of triangulation and close range photogrammetry,a set of 3 D scanning technology process for fine texture and complex carving is explored by combining the characteristics of the two technologies.Through the research of hand-held laser scanning technology,the feasibility and reliability of this technology for cultural relics surveying and mapping are verified,which summarizes a set of new technical process for meso scale volume cultural relics surveying and mapping,and lays a foundation for future exploration of 3 D surveying and mapping of cultural relics with different volumes and integration of various surveying and mapping technologies.