葛兰西实践性意识形态思想的地位与影响

The Status and Influence of Gramsci’s Practical Ideology

20世纪60年代开始,阿尔都塞就开始研究和解读葛兰西思想,其后按照葛兰西意识形态思想的发展理路创立了自己的意识形态思想体系。后期的齐泽克在批判继承阿尔都塞意识形态思想的基础上,把阿尔都塞延承的葛兰西意识形态思想直接安置在了"实在界"。法兰克福学派的重要代表人物马尔库塞继承该学派的社会批判传统,对技术理性的意识形态进行了批判,马尔库塞意识形态思想的宗旨在于达到"爱欲"的解放。这种爱欲的解放要借助"艺术",而此观点来源便可以追溯到葛兰西的文化意识形态理论。

Since 1960s,Althusser began to study and interpret Gramsci’s thought,and then established his own ideological system according to the development of Gramsci’s ideology.On the basis of criticizing Althusser’s ideology,Zizek placed Gramsci’s ideology inherited by Althusser directly in the"real world".Marcuse,an important representative of Frankfurt,inherited the tradition of social criticism of Frankfurt School and criticized the ideology of technological rationality,aiming to achieve the liberation of"eros".The emancipation of this desire depends on"art",which can be traced back to Gramsci’s theory of cultural ideology.