重力喂养联合5 min口腔运动干预在早产儿经口喂养中的效果

Effect of gravity feeding combined with 5 min oral motor intervention on oral feeding of premature infants

目的:研究重力喂养联合口腔运动干预(oral motor interventions,OMIs)在早产儿经口喂养中的作用。方法:60例早产儿随机分成观察组和对照组各30例,对照组采取常规管饲推注喂养,观察组采取重力喂养联合5 min OMIs,2组均给予科室自创的常压吸引方式,比较2组早产儿经口喂养关键时间点、喂养不耐受发生率、体质量增长情况、准备经口喂养得分。结果:观察组首次经口喂养胎龄、完全经口喂养胎龄、完全经口喂养体质量和出院体质量均低于对照组,喂养过渡时间短于对照组(P<0.01);干预后14 d和21 d,观察组准备经口喂养得分均高于对照组(P<0.01)。干预前后各时间点,2组得分均随时间增加呈现上升趋势(P<0.01);观察组呕吐、奶量不增发生率均低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:重力喂养联合5 min OMIs可以促进早产儿更早地实现完全经口喂养,且能减少喂养不耐受率。

Objective:To investigate the role of gravity feeding combined with oral motor interventions(OMIs)in oral feeding of preterm infants.Methods:Sixty preterm infants were randomly divided into the observation group and control group,30 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional tube feeding and injection feeding,and the observation group was treated with gravity feeding combined with 5 min OMIs.The two groups were treated with the self-created atmospheric pressure suction method.The critical time point of oral feeding,the incidence of feeding intolerance,the increase of body mass,and the scores of ready oral feeding were compared between the two groups.Results:The first oral feeding gestational age,complete oral feeding gestational age,complete oral feeding weight and discharge weight in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the feeding transition time was shorter than that in the control group(P<0.01).On 14 and 21 days after the intervention,the observation group had higher scores in preparing for oral feeding than the control group(P<0.01).At each time point before and after intervention,scores in both groups showed an upward trend with time increase(P<0.01).The incidence of vomiting and milk volume in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).Conclusions:Gravity feeding combined with 5 min OMIs can promote premature infants to achieve complete oral feeding earlier and reduce the rate of feeding intolerance.