外泌体与卵巢癌耐药及治疗的关系研究进展

Research progress on exosomes and drug resistance and treatment of ovarian cancer

卵巢癌是女性妇科恶性肿瘤死亡的主要原因,多数患者由于缺乏早期症状、体征和敏感的肿瘤生物标记物而被诊断为晚期。尽管给予肿瘤减灭术和以铂为基础的化疗,但多数患者由于化疗耐药导致预后差,病死率高。近年来,外泌体作为肿瘤微环境中细胞间通讯和信息交流的介质在肿瘤发病机制中的作用备受关注,它富含核酸、蛋白质和脂质等生物活性物质,参与细胞增殖、血管生成、免疫调节、耐药及转移前生态位的形成。已有多项研究表明,外泌体参与卵巢癌获得性耐药的调控,深入了解外泌体调控卵巢癌耐药的机制,可能为外泌体在卵巢癌靶向治疗中的临床应用提供新思路。本文就外泌体与卵巢癌微环境的相互作用、外泌体参与卵巢癌耐药的机制和外泌体在卵巢癌耐药治疗中的应用价值进行综述。

Ovarian cancer is the main cause of death in female gynecological malignancies.Most patients are diagnosed at advanced stage due to lack of early symptoms,signs and sensitive tumor biomarkers.Despite tumor reduction surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy,most patients have a poor prognosis and higher mortality due to chemoresistance.In recent years,the role of exosomes as a medium for intercellular communication and information exchange in tumor microenvironment has been paid much attention,and it is rich in biologically active substances such as nucleic acids,proteins and lipids,and participates in cell proliferation,angiogenesis,immune regulation,drug resistance and the formation of premetastatic niche.At present,a number of researches have shown that exosomes participate in the regulation of acquired drug resistance of ovarian cancer.Further understanding of the mechanism of exosomes in regulating ovarian cancer resistance may provide new ideas for the clinical application of exosomes in targeted therapy of ovarian cancer.This article reviews the interaction between exosomes and the microenvironment of ovarian cancer,the mechanism of exosomes participating in drug resistance of ovarian cancer,and the application value of exosomes in drug resistance treatment of ovarian cancer.