厌氧氨氧化过程毒性物质的胁迫及其活性强研究

Studies on Stress and Activity Enhancement of Toxic Substances in Anammox Process

厌氧氨氧化工艺作为一种新型脱氮工艺,较传统脱氮工艺更加节能、经济,为废水中氮的有效去除提供了新途径。而在实际应用过程中,厌氧氨氧化菌会受到废水中有毒物质的胁迫,从而导致其脱氮效果受到影响。因此,本文简述了厌氧氨氧化工艺的脱氮机理;阐述了底物基质、金属、有机物等胁迫因子对厌氧氨氧化菌活性、污泥胞外聚合物、微生物群落等的影响;并提出了厌氧氨氧化细菌活性受到抑制时活性恢复的策略,以及添加介孔材料、微量元素以及新型反应器研发等强化措施。

As a new denitrification process, anammox is more energy saving and economical than traditional denitrification process, which provides a new pathway to effectively remove nitrogen from wastewater.However, in the process of application, anammox bacteria will be subjected to the stress of toxic substances in the wastewater, thus resulting in its denitrification efficiency is affected. Therefore,the denitrification mechanism of anammox process was briefly described in this paper. Meanwhile, the effects of stress factors such as substrate, metal and organic matter on the activity of anammox bacteria, extracellular polymeric substances of sludge and microbial community were discussed. In addition, the strategy to restore the activity of anammox bacteria was proposed, as well as the strengthening measures such as adding mesoporous materials, trace elements and development of novel reactor.