2013—2019年济南市成人食源性腹泻病例病原体监测

Study on pathogen surveillance of adult foodborne diarrhea cases in Jinan in 2013-2019

目的了解2013—2019年济南市成人食源性腹泻病例的流行病学特征,为济南市食源性疾病防控提供参考依据。方法采用SPSS 21.0软件,对济南市食源性疾病监测哨点医院报告的1513例成人腹泻病例病原体检测结果进行统计分析。结果成人食源性腹泻疾病致病原检出率为46.07%;细菌感染检出率为30.60%,以大肠埃希菌为主;诺如病毒感染检出率为20.29%,以GⅡ基因型感染为主;细菌-病毒感染检出率为4.82%。不同季度(χ^(2)=11.894,P=0.008)间病原检出率差异均具有统计学意义,第2、3、4季度以细菌感染为主,第2和第4季度以病毒感染为主;病原体检出率较高的食品居前3位的分别为肉及肉制品(18.77%)、混合食品(14.83%)和水果类及其制品(14.35%)。结论济南市成人食源性腹泻病原体检出率相对较高,建议增加哨点监测医院,根据季节变化、不同年龄组和暴露食品,制定相应的食源性腹泻疾病防控措施。

Objective To analyze bacterial epidemiological characteristics of adult foodborne diarrhea cases in Jinan from 2013 to 2019,and to provide references for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Methods Using SPSS 21.0,the pathogen detection results of 1513 adult diarrhea cases reported by the foodborne disease surveillance sentinel hospital in Jinan was analyzed.Results The positive detection rate of the pathogen of foodborne diarrhea in adults was 46.07%.Among these,the positive rate of bacterial infection was 30.60%,mainly Escherichia coli;the positive rate of norovirus infection was 20.29%,and the main infection genotype was GⅡ;and the positive rate of bacterial-virus infection was 4.82%.The difference in pathogen positive detection rates in different quarters was statistically significant(χ^(2)=11.894,P=0.008).Bacterial infection was the main factor during the second to the fourth quarters,while viral infection became critical in the second and the fourth quarters.The top three suspected exposure foods were meat and meat products(18.77%),mixed foods(14.83%),and fruits and their products(14.35%).Conclusion The positive rate of adult foodborne diarrhea pathogens in Jinan is relatively high.It is recommended to increase sentinel monitoring hospitals.At the same time,the foodborne disease prevention and control measures should be developed based on seasonal changes,different age groups,and different characteristics of exposed food.