小提琴不同把位下弦振动的频谱分析

Frequency Spectrum Analysis of Violin Strings Vibration in Different Positions

同一段旋律在小提琴上通过换把演奏会呈现完全不同类型的音乐情感表达.本文基于频谱分析技术,针对小提琴不同把位下的相同音高进行了频域与时域上的特性分析研究.研究结果表明,在相同音高下,使用低把位演奏时,8000 Hz以下的频谱丰富度较低,8000 Hz以上的频谱丰富度较高;使用高把位演奏时,8000 Hz以下的频谱丰富度较高,但是8000 Hz以上的超高频频谱丰富度较低.因此,相同的音高,在低把位演奏时音色更明亮,在高把位演奏时音色则显得厚实.同时,低把位演奏时起振时间更长,振幅较高;高把位演奏时起振时间更短,振幅较低.因此,高把位演奏的音色更具有紧张感.

The same melody on the violin shows a completely different type of musical emotional expression by changing handles.Based on the spectrum analysis technology,this paper analyzes the characteristics of the same pitch in different positions of the violin in the frequency domain and time domain.The results of the study show that under the same pitch,when played in low positions,the richness of the spectrum below 8000 Hz is lower,and the richness of spectrum above 8000 Hz is higher;when played in high positions,the richness of spectrum below 8000 Hz is higher,but the richness of the high frequency spectrum above 8000 Hz is lower.Therefore,with the same pitch,the sound will be brighter when played in the low position,and thicker when played in the high position.At the same time,low-position performance has a longer start-up time and higher amplitude,while high-position performance has a shorter start-up time and lower amplitude.Therefore,the tone of high-handed performance is more tense.