大方县黑线姬鼠种群繁殖参数的年龄和季节变化

Age and Seasonal Variation of Breeding Parameters of Apodemus Agrarius in Dafang County

黑线姬鼠是大方县农田害鼠优势种之一。为摸清黑线姬鼠繁殖参数的年龄和季节变化情况,对贵州省大方县2008—2020年稻田、旱地鼠情调查中捕获的270只黑线姬鼠进行分析。结果表明:种群性比为1.06,平均怀孕率为28.78%,平均胎仔数为5.48只,平均睾丸下降率为79.39%,平均繁殖指数为0.81;幼年组性未成熟,不参与繁殖,亚成年组、成年Ⅰ组、成年Ⅱ组、老年组均可参与繁殖,不同年龄种群繁殖力存在显著差异;随着年龄的增长,怀孕率、胎仔数、睾丸下降率、繁殖指数均不断增加,成年Ⅱ组和老年组为主要繁殖群主体;不同季节种群繁殖存在显著差异,冬季无繁殖个体,繁殖主要集中在春季、夏季、秋季,而春季和秋季为主要繁殖季节。

Apodemus agrariusis one of the dominant species in Dafang County. To find out the age and seasonal variation of reproduction parameters of Apodemus agrarius, the statistical analysis of 270 Apodemus agrarius captured in rice field and dry land in Dafang County, Guizhou Province from 2008 to 2020. The results show that the population ratio is 1.06, the average pregnancy rate was 28.78%, the average litter size was 5.48, the mean rate of testicular decline was 79.39% and the average reproduction index was 0.81. Young immature was not involved in breeding, subadult group, adult group Ⅰ, adult group Ⅱ, elderly group can participate in reproduction, There were significant differences in fecundity among populations of different ages. As they got older, the pregnancy rate, litter size, testicular decline rate, reproductive index are increasing, adult group Ⅱ and aged group were the main reproductive groups. There are significant differences in population reproduction in different seasons, no breeders in winter, breeding is concentrated in spring, summer, autumn, spring and autumn were the main seasons of breeding group.