《民法典》框架下企业数据财产权益实现路径研究

Approaches to the Property Rights and Interests of Enterprise Data under the Framework of Civil Code

大数据时代中,数据已然成为重要的经济资源与企业资产,需要对企业数据财产权益进行恰当的法律确认,但目前尚缺乏规范企业数据财产权益的完备法律体系。企业数据领域利益关系错综复杂,存在相互博弈的关乎数据保护与数据共享的多重矛盾关系。企业数据在"非排他性"与"非竞争性"特征上并未获得一致性。目前,应秉持通过保障企业数据权益之实现促进数据共享的理念,对企业数据进行类型化的思考。针对公开数据与非公开数据的分类,并结合数据是否实现实质性价值增值的考量,对不同的企业数据设置不同的财产权益实现路径,以期达到企业数据利益之保障与社会数据共享间的平衡,促进数据经济的发展。

In the era of big data,data has become an important economic resource and asset of enterprises.It is necessary to give a legal confirmation to the property rights and interests of enterprise data appropriately,but there is still a lack of a complete legal system that regulates the property rights and interests of enterprise data.The interest relationships in the enterprise-data field are complex,and there are multiple contradictory relationships related to data protection and data sharing in mutual games.Enterprise data has not achieved consistency in the aspects of“non-exclusive”and“non-competitive”characteristics.At present,we should adhere to the ideal of promoting data-sharing by protecting the rights and interests of enterprise data,and carry out the typological thinking of enterprise data.In view of the classification of public data and non-public data,and with a consideration of whether the data could realize substantial value increase,we should set different approaches to the property rights and interests for different kinds of enterprise data,which aims to achieve a balance between the protection of the interests of enterprise data and data sharing,and promote the development of the data economy.