药学生批判性思维能力现状调查与影响因素分析

Investigation and Influencing Factors of Critical Thinking Ability of Pharmacy Students

目的了解药学生批判性思维能力的现状及其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样法,结合中文版批判性思维能力测量表,对河南省10所高校的551名药学生进行问卷调查。结果药学生批判性思维能力评估总分介于195~394分,平均(285.02±32.03)分,总体表现为正性倾向;7个特质中,"开放思想""分析能力""求知欲"平均得分大于40分,表现为正性倾向,其余4项表现为意义不明确;总得分男生明显低于女生(P<0.05),其中男生表现为意义不明确,女生表现为正性倾向;男女生均在"开放思想""分析能力""求知欲"三方面表现为正性倾向,女生"开放思想""求知欲""认知成熟度"的得分均明显高于男生(P<0.05),男生仅"自信心"得分高于女生(P>0.05),该特质男生表现为正性倾向,女生表现为意义不明确;总得分硕士研究生明显高于大学本科生(P<0.05),其中硕士研究生表现为正性倾向,大学本科生表现为意义不明确;硕士研究生"寻找真相""系统化能力""认知成熟度"的得分均明显高于大学本科生(P<0.05);高年级(三、四年级)与低年级(一、二年级)大学本科药学生总得分及7个特质得分相当(P>0.05)。结论药学生批判性思维能力总体表现为正性倾向,药学教育工作者应在考虑药学生批判性思维能力影响因素的基础上,在教学过程中将批判性思维能力植入课堂教育、实验、实习过程中,提高药学生的批判性思维能力。

Objective To investigate the current status of the critical thinking ability of pharmacy students and its influencing factors.Methods A total of 551 pharmacy students from 10 universities in Henan Province were investigated by convenience sampling method and the Chinese Version of Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory(CTDI-CV).Results The total score of CTDI-CV of the pharmacy students was in the range of 195-394 points,with an average score of(285.02±32.03)points,the overall performance was a positive tendency.Among the seven traits,the average scores of open-mindedness,analytical ability and intellectual curiosity were higher than 40 points,showing a positive tendency,while the other four showed ambiguous meaning.The total score of boys was significantly lower than that of girls(P<0.05),among which boys showed ambiguous meaning and girls showed a positive tendency.The students of both genders showed a positive tendency in three aspects:open-mindedness,intellectual curiosity and analytical ability,while the scores of open-mindedness,analytical ability and cognitive maturity of girls were significantly higher than those of boys(P<0.05),and only the scores of self-confidence of boys was higher than that of girls(P>0.05),and the boys showed a positive tendency,while the girls showed ambiguous meaning.The total score of postgraduates was significantly higher than that of undergraduates(P<0.05),among which the postgraduates showed a positive tendency,while the undergraduates showed ambiguous meaning.The scores of seeking truth,systematic ability and cognitive maturity of postgraduates were significantly higher than those of undergraduates(P<0.05).Both total score and seven traits’scores of senior(juniors and seniors)and low-grade(freshmen and sophomores)undergraduates were similar(P>0.05).Conclusion Pharmacy students’critical thinking skills show an overall positive tendency,and pharmacy educators should consider the factors that influence pharmacy students’critical thinking skills and implant critical thinking ability into classroom education,experiment and internship during the course of teaching,so as to improve the critical thinking ability of pharmacy students.