中医慢性疾病规范化健康教育服务的需求调查分析

Demand of standardized health education service for chronic diseases of traditional Chinese medicine

目的了解广东省中医院中医慢性疾病患者对规范化健康教育服务的需求及现状,为制定中医慢性疾病规范化健康教育服务流程提供依据。方法于2020年3月至5月,采用自制的《中医慢性疾病规范化健康教育服务需求调查问卷》调查了162例广州中医药大学第二附属医院慢性疾病管理中心的患者,男性86例、女性76例,其中年龄≤30岁10例,31~40岁25例,41~50岁27例,51~60岁38例,>60岁62例。主要了解患者慢性疾病知识掌握情况、健康教育现状及需求水平。结果共回收162份问卷,82.7%(134/162)的来自广东,慢性疾病以肾病为主(48.8%,79/162),其次为呼吸系统的慢性疾病(43.2%,70/162),且92.6%(150/162)的患者接受过广州中医药大学第二附属医院的健康教育管理。30岁以上、高文化水平和非全职职业状态的患者在疾病知识掌握得分上较高(均P<0.05)。患者接受健康教育以线下(71.0%,115/162)和线上(68.5%,111/162)的宣教形式为主。线下健康教育需求以课堂(67.3%,109/162)为主,线上健康教育以微信公众号文章(74.7%,121/162)、手机视频(73.5%,119/162)和微信咨询(60.5%,98/162)为主。患者在健康咨询内容需求选择上位居前3的分别为疾病知识、饮食营养和用药知识。不同性别、文化程度以及照顾类型对患者健康需求类型差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论慢性疾病患者需开展多种形式的健康教育服务活动,针对不同群体特征的患者制定多样化且针对性强的健康教育方案,以满足其健康教育需求。同时,为规范中医慢性疾病健康教育服务流程提供参考依据。

Objective To understand the demand and status of the patients with chronic diseases in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine for standardized health education service,and to provide the basis for the development of the standardized health education service process of chronic diseases of traditional Chinese medicine.Methods From March to May,2020,162 patients treated at Chronic Disease Management Center of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were investigated by using Questionnaire of Standardized Health Education Service Needs of Traditional Chinese Medicine.Among which,there were 86 males and 76 females,and 10 cases were≤30 years old,25 cases 31-40,27 cases 41-50,38 cases 51-60,and 62 cases>60.The patients'main knowledge of chronic diseases,health education,and demand level were mainly understood.Results One hundred and sixty-two questionnaires were collected;82.7%(134/162)of them were from Guangdong Province;and the chronic diseases were mainly nephrotic diseases(48.8%,79/162),followed by chronic respiratory diseases(43.2%,70/162);and 92.6%(150/162)of the patients received health education and management of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.The patients who were over 30 years old,whose education level was high,and who did not have a fulltime job had higher scores of the disease knowledge(all P<0.05).The patients received health education mainly in the forms of offline(71.0%,115/162)and online(68.5%,111/162).The demand for offline health education was mainly in classroom(67.3%,109/162).The online health education was mainly based on articles of WeChat official accounts(74.7%,121/162),mobile videos(73.5%,119/162),and WeChat consulting(60.5%,98/162).The top three health consultation contents demanded by the patients were disease knowledge,diet nutrition,and medication knowledge.The types of health demand of the patients were different in gender,education level,and care type(all P<0.05).Conclusions Health education service for patients with chronic diseases needs to carry out various forms of health education service activities,and to formulate diversified and targeted health education programs for patients with different group characteristics to meet their health education demand.At the same time,it provides references for standardizing the health education service process of chronic diseases of traditional Chinese medicine.