船舶数字碎冰场构建与冰阻力计算方法研究

Research on the construction of ship’s numerical brash ice field and calculation method of ice resistance

为验证数值方法计算精度,预报极地碎冰区船舶所受冰阻力,本文依据冰池试验中生成的碎冰航道以粒子喷射的方式构建相应的数字碎冰场,采用球形粒子填充的方式创建碎冰的离散元模型并与CFD方法相结合计算船舶在碎冰域所受冰阻力。依据HSVA冰池对某冰区油船开展的基于模型冰厚分别为37.1 mm、39.8 mm、46.3 mm及49.4 mm四种条件下的冰池试验,数值模拟了在同等试验条件下船舶所受冰的阻力。对比冰池试验,数值模拟过程中碎冰的运动状态、船冰间相互作用模式与冰池试验现象完全吻合,船体所受冰阻力计算误差在合理范围内,最大误差为29.45%。

In order to verify the calculation accuracy of the numerical method and predict the ice resistance of ships in polar brash ice zones,a numerical brash ice field corresponding to the brash ice channel generated in the ice tank test is constructed by means of particle injection,and the discrete element model of ice is created by means of spherical particle filling and combined with CFD method to calculate the ice resistance of ships in this paper.According to the ice tank test based on the frozen ice model conducted with an oil tanker for ice area in HSVA ice tank under four conditions of model ice thicknesses of 37.1 mm,39.8 mm,46.3 mm and 49.4 mm respectively,the ice resistance of the ship under the conditions same to those of the ice tank test is numerically simulated.Compared with the ice tank test,the movement state of crushed ice and the interaction mode between the ship and ice in the numerical simulation process are completely consistent with those in the ice tank test.The calculation error of the ice resistance on the hull is within a reasonable range and the maximum error is 29.45%.