新西兰地震保险的启示

Enlightenment from earthquake insurance in New Zealand

新西兰地震委员会(Earthquake Commission,EQC)是管理新西兰地震灾害风险的政府机构,为住宅建筑物、室内财产和住宅用地提供地震保险。本文从整个保险业、EQC对不同标的和不同事件等层面,详细分析了EQC在2010-2011年坎特伯雷地震序列和2016年凯库拉地震中的响应,包括EQC现金流和工作人员的变化,以及采取的政策、措施对已付赔偿额和索赔数量的影响。对应我国的情况,分析了1980年以来的地震保险理赔数据,说明我国地震保险覆盖水平近年来有显著提高,一定程度上缓解了震后政府财政压力,但还不是震后救灾资金的主要力量。结合两次新西兰地震事件理赔经验和我国地震保险现状,提出三点建议。

Earthquake Commission(EQC)is a government agency to manage the seismic risk in New Zealand,and provides earthquake insurance for residential buildings,contents and residential land.The response of EQC to 2010-2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence and 2016 Kaikōura Earthquake is analyzed from the views of the whole insurance industry,different objects and different events,which includes the changes of cash flow and employees,the impact of launched policies and measures on claims paid to date and the number of notified claims.The claim data of earthquake insurance in China since 1980 are collected,which shows the coverage rate increases in last decade.To some extent,the financial pressure of the government has been relieved.However,the earthquake insurance claims can not support the relief and the recovery after earthquakes.By considering the settlement during these two earthquake events and the situation in China,three comments on earthquake insurance in China are provided.