创制现代草产品加工科技体系保障大粮食安全

Creating Modern Technological System for Grass Product Processing to Guarantee Macroscopic Food Security

构建生态草牧业科技体系是新时代“大粮食安全观”和“生态优先、绿色发展国家战略”的技术支撑,也是立足国内大循环的迫切需求。科学制草可有效链接起前端的种草和后端的养畜环节,使草牧业真正形成产业链条。然而,我国饲草加工贮存方面存在的损失大、营养提升有限、草产品质量和安全控制难等一系列重要瓶颈问题,以及草产业发展方面面临的标准化、商品化、产业化、市场化、智能化程度不够等问题限制了优质草产业的健康发展,造成的“草畜两张皮”局面极大影响了生态草牧业核心产业链条的形成和健康发展。文章从草产业发展的战略需求、草产品加工亟待突破的理论及技术瓶颈等方面进行了论述,提出了科学制草促进草产业发展的具体建议,为提升我国草产品加工技术水平,打通草牧业全产业链条,打造优质草产业,实现草畜产业链高度耦合提供理论依据和可行途径。

The construction of a scientific and technological system of ecological grass-based livestock husbandry(GLiH)provides technical support for the“Macroscopic Food Security”concept and the“National Strategy of Giving Priority to Ecology and Green Development”in the new era.At the same time,it represents an urgent need for the domestic circulation.Scientific grass processing and production of forage grass can help form the GLiH industrial chain by connecting the front-end“forage grass cultivating”and back-end“livestock raising”.However,China still faces many problems in terms of forage grass processing and production,and the development of the grass industry.On one hand,a series of technical bottlenecks exist in forage grass processing and production,namely nutrition loss,limited nutritional value,and the difficulty of quality and security control.On the other hand,a variety of problems in the development of the grass industry,such as insufficient standardization,commercialization,industrialization,marketization,and intelligentization are also present.The above problems not only limit the healthy development of the grass industry,but also lead to the discrepancy between forage grass and livestock,which greatly affects the formation and healthy development of the core industrial chain of GLiH.Here we describe the strategic demands of forage grass industry development,and discuss the theoretical and technical bottlenecks that need to be solved through the processing and production of forage grass products.We then put forward specific suggestions for the scientific processing and production of forage grass and the healthy development of grass industry.We hope that these recommendations will provide a theoretical basis and a feasible way to improve the technological level of forage grass processing and production in China, to build a high-quality grass industry, and realize the deep coupling of GLiH industrial chain.