《孙子》“胜乃可全”的多维解读——从知、情、意、行视角解读孙子的知胜思想

A Multidimensional Interpretation of“Complete Victory”inT he Art of War-An Interpretation of Sun Zi’s Thoughts of Predicting Victory from the Perspectives of Prediction,Psychological State,Will,and Military March

《孙子·地形篇》提出"胜乃可全"的命题,以"知"胜为全胜。知胜之道,不仅是知天地、知彼我的全知综合,更是一种"知""情""意""行"的综合。知是全知敌我(天文地理),情是军心之所向,意是意志专固,行是行军布势。全知敌我定形胜,上下同欲得军心,对士兵战斗意志加以激发和强固,并能够在行军作战中以"势"争利,是"胜乃可全"这一终极目标的必备要素。

The chapter of Terrain in The Art of War puts forward the proposition that“victory is complete”,and predicting victory means complete victory.The way of predicting victory is not only the omniscience synthesis of knowing the world and the enemy,but also a synthesis of“prediction”,“psychological state”,“will”and“military march”.Prediction is knowing the omniscient knowledge of the enemy and ourselves(astronomy and geography).Psychological state refers to the direction of the military’s aspirations.Will is to be firm in will.Military march is march and layout.Knowing all about the enemy and oneself can win victory.If ranks are united in purposes,the will of the soldiers can be strengthened and inspired,thus making the army gain victory in the military march.These are the necessary factors in realizing the final goal of“winning complete victory”.