营养液浓度和基质配比对牛至扦插繁殖的影响

Effects of nutrient solution concentration and soil substrate ratio on the cutting propagation of oregano

唇形科多年生植物牛至(Origanum vulgare)扦插繁殖的主要技术难题是如何改善牛至根系生长情况和提高壮苗率,本研究以希腊牛至(O.vulgare ssp.hirtum)为材料,探究不同营养液浓度和基质配比对其扦插繁殖的影响。结果表明,随着营养液中大量元素浓度的增加,牛至插穗的鲜重、分枝、株高以及总根长、根表面积、根体积、根尖数、毛细根根长和总体积均呈现先增加后降低的趋势,其中0.25×Hoagland营养液效果最佳,与浇灌清水的对照相比,植株鲜重和根体积分别增加了242%和464%。以不同体积配比的泥炭土和蛭石为扦插基质,牛至插穗存活率和各项生长指标也呈现显著差异(P<0.05)。其中,在泥炭土和蛭石体积比为25꞉75的基质中,牛至插穗存活率为100%,插穗生长和根系发育均为各处理最佳。因此,使用泥炭土꞉蛭石(25꞉75)作为扦插基质并每周浇灌0.25×Hoagland营养液是牛至无性系扩繁的适宜条件。

Improving the growth of oregano(Origanum vulgare)root system and increasing the rate of strong seeding represents the main technical problem of its cutting propagation.This study aimed at investigating the effects of nutrient solution concentration and soil substrate ratio on the cutting propagation of Greek oregano(O.vulgare ssp.hirtum),a perennial plant belonging to the family Labiatae.The results showed that the fresh weight,branch number,plant height,total root length,root surface area,root volume,number of root tips,and capillary root length and volume initially increased then decreased along with higher concentrations of macroelements in Hoagland's nutrient solution.Among these,the 0.25×nutrient solution yielded the best effects with 242%and 464%of higher fresh weight and root volume than those of the water control,respectively.Furthermore,different combinations of soil substrates with peat and vermiculite also significantly affected the survival rate and growth indices of the oregano cuttings(P<0.05);among which peat꞉vermiculite at 25꞉75(volume ratio)showed the best effects on the survival rate(100%),growth,and root development of oregano cuttings.Therefore,the optimal condition for vegetative propagation of oregano is using peat soil substrate including vermiculite at 25꞉75 and weekly irrigation with 0.25×Hoagland's nutrient solution.