青海省居民生活饮用水碘含量调查与水碘分布图的绘制

Iodine content in drinking water and drawing of water iodine distribution map in Qinghai Province

目的了解青海省水碘含量,并绘制水碘分布图,为科学补碘、持续消除碘缺乏危害提供依据。方法2017年,对青海省所有县(市、区)以乡(镇、街道,简称乡)为单位,采集居民生活饮用水水样,测定水碘含量、计算水碘中位数,并绘制青海省水碘分布图。结果在392个乡共采集水样1836份,水碘中位数为1.7μg/L;水碘中位数<5μg/L的乡占80.6%(316/392),水碘中位数在5~10μg/L的乡占17.1%(67/392),水碘中位数>10μg/L的乡占2.3%(9/392),乡级水碘中位数最高为24.8μg/L。根据调查结果,成功绘制了青海省水碘分布图、青海省西宁市水碘分布图和青海省海东市水碘分布图。结论青海省全境外环境普遍缺碘,食盐加碘防治碘缺乏病措施应持续实施,参照水碘分布图,引导群众科学补碘。

Objective To understand the water iodine content in Qinghai Province and draw a distribution map of water iodine,so as to provide a basis for scientific supplementation of iodine and continuous elimination of iodine deficiency hazards.Methods In 2017,in all counties(cities,districts)in Qinghai Province,with townships(towns,streets,referred to as townships)as the unit,the residents'drinking water samples were collected,water iodine content was tested,the median water iodine was calculated,and the water iodine distribution map of Qinghai Province was drew.Results Totally 1836 drinking water samples were collected in 392 townships,the median water iodine was 1.7μg/L.Townships that had the median water iodine<5μg/L,in the range of 5 to 10μg/L and>10μg/L accounted for 80.6%(316/392),17.1%(67/392)and 2.3%(9/392),respectively.Among all townships,the highest of the median water iodine was 24.8μg/L.Based on the results,water iodine distribution map of Qinghai Province,water iodine distribution map of Xining City and water iodine distribution map of Haidong City were compiled.Conclusions Iodine deficiency is widespread throughout natural environment in Qinghai Province.Hence,salt iodization measures to prevent iodine deficiency disorders should be implemented continuously.According to the water iodine distribution map,the people should be guided to supplement iodine scientifically.