动画纪录:当代人类学的一种表征实验

Animated Documentary:An Experiment of Representation in Current Anthropology

自20世纪80年代“表征危机”后,人类学界秉持跨学科的实验精神,寻求当代民族志的创新表达模式。本文视动画纪录为参与当代人类学表征实验的重要力量,通过对既有动画纪录作品的类型分析,以及与文本、摄影等人类学传统表征手段的比较,发现动画纪录在拓展真实生产、拓展多主体对话关系,以及构建独立完整表征策略等方面的独特优势。动画的虚拟影像形态可与人类学结合产生人类学发展的新方向,本文亦为这一探索提供理论参考。

Since "the crisis of representation" in the 1980 s,anthropologists have been pursuing innovative representation modes of current ethnography in the spirit of interdisciplinary experiments.This paper regards animated documentary as an important force that participates in the experiments of representation in current anthropology.By analyzing the types of animated documentaries and comparing with traditional anthropological representation approaches such as text and photography,this paper finds that animated documentaries have unique advantages in expanding the production of"truth",calling on the dialogue among multiple subjectivities,and constructing the strategies of independent and complete representation.The virtual image forms of animation can be combined with anthropology to produce a new direction of anthropological development,and this paper also provides a theoretical reference for this exploration.