非疾病人群舌面图像与舌下络脉特征研究

Characteristics of Tongue Surface Image and Sublingual Veins in Non-disease Population

目的探究不同性别与不同年龄非疾病人群的舌象特征。方法通过用数字舌诊仪采集286例健康体检者舌象图像,采用计算机视觉与人工判读相结合的方法获取舌面颜色值和舌下络脉颜色值,以及舌下络脉主干长度、脉管直径、迂曲度在内的舌下络脉形态特征指标。分析舌下络脉形态分级与年龄、性别的相关性,舌面与舌下络脉颜色特征的相关性。结果与男性比较,女性舌面颜色值TB-R、TB-G、TB-Y、TB-H、TB-I、TB-L、TB-b明显升高,TB-Cb、TB-S、TB-a明显降低;女性舌下络脉颜色值SV-R、SV-G、SV-B、SV-Y、SV-H、SV-I、SV-L明显升高,SV-S明显降低(P<0.05)。与<30者岁比较,≥50岁舌面颜色值TB-R、TB-B、TB-Y、TB-I、TB-L降低,舌下络脉颜色值SV-H升高;40~49岁舌面颜色值TB-R、TB-I、TB-L降低,舌下络脉颜色值SV-R、SV-G、SV-B、SV-Y、SV-Cr、SV-S、SV-I、SV-L、SV-a降低(P<0.05)。与30~39岁比较,≥50岁者舌面颜色值TB-R降低,舌下络脉颜色值SV-R、SV-B、SV-Y、SV-Cr、SV-I、SV-L、SV-a降低(P<0.05)。舌面图像颜色与舌下络脉图像颜色指标之间呈正相关(P<0.05),其中舌面颜色值TB-H与舌下络脉颜色值SV-H呈中度相关(γ=0.432)。舌下络脉形态特征与性别、年龄之间无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论不同性别、不同年龄的非疾病人群舌下络脉特征具有显著差异,主要表现为女性舌面与舌下络脉亮度较高,总体饱和度较低;<30岁者舌象亮度较高,≥50岁者舌象偏暗。

Objective To explore the characteristics of tongue image in non-disease populations in terms of different genders and different ages. Methods Digital tongue diagnosis instrument was used to collect tongue images of 286 healthy subjects. Computer vision in combination with manual interpretation was used to obtain the tongue color values, the sublingual veins color values and the morphological indexes of sublingual veins including length of main veins, vessel diameter, and tortuosity. The correlations of the morphological classification of sublingual veins with age and gender were analyzed, as well as the correlation between the color of the tongue surface and that of the sublingual veins. Results Compared to the men′s color values of tongue surface, those of women including TB-R, TB-G, TB-Y, TB-H, TB-I, TB-L and TB-b significantly increased, while TB-Cb, TB-S and TB-a significantly decreased;the color values of women′s sublingual veins including SV-R, SV-G, SV-B, SV-Y, SV-H, SV-I and SV-L increased, while SV-S decreased significantly(P<0.05). Compared to people <30 years old, those ≥50 years old had significantly lower tongue color values of TB-R, TB-B, TB-Y, TB-I and TB-L, and higher SV-H value of sublingual veins color;people aged 40~49 had decreased tongue color values of TB-R, TB-I and TB-L, and decreased sublingual veins color values of SV-R, SV-G, SV-B, SV-Y, SV-Cr, SV-S, SV-I, SV-L and SV-a(P<0.05). Compared to people aged 30~39, those ≥50 years old had decreased TB-R value of tongue surface color, and decreased SV-R, SV-B, SV-Y, SV-Cr, SV-I, SV-L and SV-a levels of sublingual veins colors(P<0.05). The color of the tongue surface was positively correlated with the color of the sublingual veins(P<0.05), and the color value TB-H of the tongue surface and the color value SV-H of the sublingual veins showed a moderate correlation, with the correlation coefficient of 0.432. There were no significant correlations of the morphological indexes of sublingual veins with gender and age(P>0.05). Conclusion There are significant differences in the characteristics of sublingual veins in non-disease populations in terms of different genders and different ages. Women′s tongue color of surface and sublingual veins are brighter than men′s with lower overall saturation, and the tongue manifestation is bright in people less than 30 years old while that is relatively dusky in people aged 50 years old or more.