资产专用性对企业技术创新的影响:竞争战略的中介作用

Impact of Asset Specificity on Enterprise Technology Innovation:Mediating Role of Competitive Strategy

基于交易成本理论、技术创新理论与战略管理理论,引入企业竞争战略作为中介变量构建资产专用性、竞争战略与企业技术创新之间作用关系的理论模型,并利用我国在中小企业板上市的243家工业品制造业企业2010—2018年的平衡面板数据对模型进行实证检验。结果表明:企业的资产专用性对技术创新具有显著的负向影响,对成本领先战略具有显著的正向影响,对差异化战略具有显著的负向影响;成本领先战略对技术创新有负向作用但不显著,在资产专用性与技术创新之间起部分中介作用;差异化战略对技术创新具有显著的正向影响,在资产专用性与技术创新之间发挥了完全中介作用。研究结论对企业与政府的管理启示为:企业要设法降低资产专用性对技术创新的阻力,政府的技术创新政策制定应对资产专用性高的企业给予倾斜性的扶持,以促进企业发挥开展技术创新的积极性。

Based on transaction cost,technological innovation and strategic management theory,this paper builds a theoretical model of the relationship between asset specificity,competitive strategy and enterprise technological innovation by introducing enterprise competitive strategy as a mediating variable,and empirically tests the model with the balanced panel data of 243 industrial products manufacturing enterprises listed on the SME board from 2010 to 2018 in China.The results show that the asset specificity plays a significant negative impact on the enterprise's technology innovation,a significant positive impact on the overall cost leadership strategy and a significant negative impact on the differentiation strategy;the overall cost leadership strategy has a negative impact on the enterprise's technology innovation but not significant,it has a partial mediating effect on the relationship between asset specificity and technology innovation;and the differentiation strategy has a significant positive impact on the enterprise's technology innovation,it plays a completely mediating role between asset specificity and the enterprise's technology innovation.The management implications of the research for enterprises and the government are as follows:enterprises should try to reduce the resistance of asset specificity to technological innovation,and the government's technological innovation policies should give preferential support to enterprises with high asset specificity,so as to promote the enterprises to play a positive role on technological innovation.