航空装备制造产业专利合作的网络结构与演化

Structure and Evolution of Patent Cooperation Network in Aviation Equipment Manufacturing Industry

以我国航空装备制造产业为研究对象,基于1985—2018年合作申请发明专利数据,运用社会网络分析法构建专利合作网络,分析其专利合作网络的拓扑结构及演化规律。研究发现:我国航空装备制造产业取得快速发展,企业在专利合作网络中占主导地位,但网络整体松散、合作不够紧密,网络的无标度和小世界特性较为明显,其中中国商用飞机有限责任公司等重要节点把握着技术合作的大方向;网络规模持续增长但仍存在发展不平衡问题,网络节点呈现阶段性变化,其中北京、上海、广东的核心位置最为稳定,辽宁、陕西、江苏的核心地位上升明显,特别是陕西。根据结论,提出政府对具有桥梁作用的机构加以引导或提供政策扶持,以核心节点为重点突破口引导和调整重要节点的合作行为并提升弱势主体的合作参与度,集中资源重点培育高品质航空装备制造核心区,以及鼓励机构跨区域合作、合理配置各区域创新资源等对策建议,以促进我国航空装备制造产业区域间平衡发展。

Taking China's aviation equipment manufacturing industry as the research object,based on the data of cooperative applications for invention patents from 1985 to 2018,this paper uses the social network analysis method to construct patent cooperation network,analyzes the topology and evolution law of its patent cooperation network.The paper finds that:China's aviation equipment manufacturing industry has achieved rapid development,and enterprises dominate the patent cooperation network,however,the overall network is loose and the cooperation is not close enough,the scale-free and small-world characteristics of the network are more obvious,among them,the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China Co.,Ltd.and other important nodes grasp the general direction of technical cooperation;the network scale continues to grow but still unbalanced development,and network nodes show phased changes,among them,the core positions of Beijing,Shanghai,and Guangdong are the most stable,and the core positions of Liaoning,Shaanxi,and Jiangsu have risen significantly,especially Shaanxi.Based on the conclusions,the paper proposes that the government guide or provide policy support to the institutions with a bridge,focus the core node to guide and enhance the cooperation participation of vulnerable subjects,focus on cultivating high-quality aviation equipment manufacturing core area,and encourage cross-regional cooperation and rational allocation of various regional innovation resources,in order to promote the balanced development of aviation equipment manufacturing industry in China.