粤港澳大湾区建设背景下内地高校港澳学生创业意愿影响因素研究——基于培养创新型人才视角

Entrepreneurial Intention Influencing Factors of Hong Kong and Macao Students in Mainland Universities Under the Background of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Construction:From the Perspective of Innovative Talents Cultivating

基于计划行为理论,引入创业者特质,并将创业环境分为政策环境、经济环境和教育文化环境,使用SPSS 23.0和Amos 24.0软件构建港澳学生创业意愿结构方程模型,采用问卷调查法收集内地高校689名港澳学生数据,探讨其创业意愿影响因素及其人口统计变量上的创业意愿差异。结果发现:创业态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制、创业者特质和创业环境对内地高校港澳学生的创业意愿有显著正向影响;在创业意愿上,男生高于女生、香港学生高于澳门学生、大湾区学校学生高于非大湾区学校学生,而理工医专业学生低于人文社科专业学生。最后,为全面提高港澳学生的创业意愿,让他们在分享粤港澳大湾区发展的红利中更好地担当使命,从创业环境入手、培养创新型人才视角出发,提出集培养体系、生态体系和资源体系于一体的支持系统,以支持港澳学生在内地创业发展。

Based on the theory of planned behavior,this paper introduces entrepreneurial traits and divides the entrepreneurial environment into policy environment,economic environment,educational and cultural environment,uses SPSS 23.0 and Amos 24.0 software to construct a structural equation model of student entrepreneurial intention of Hong Kong and Macao,and questionnaires to collect data from 689 Hong Kong and Macao students in mainland universities to explore the factors affecting their entrepreneurial intention,and the differences in their entrepreneurial intention on demographic variables.The results finds that entrepreneurial attitudes,subjective norms,perceived behavior control,entrepreneurial traits,and entrepreneurial environment have a significant impact on the entrepreneurial intention of Hong Kong and Macao students in mainland universities.In terms of entrepreneurial intention,boys have higher entrepreneurial intention than girls,Hong Kong students have higher entrepreneurial intention than Macao students,students in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA)have higher entrepreneurial intention than students in non-GBA area,and students majoring in science,engineering and medicine have lower entrepreneurial intention than students majoring in humanities and social sciences.Finally,in order to comprehensively improve the entrepreneurial intention of Hong Kong and Macao students in mainland universities,and enable them better fulfill their mission while sharing the dividends of the development of the GBA,starting from the entrepreneurial environment and from the perspective of cultivating innovative talents,the paper puts forward a support system integrating the training system,ecological system and resources system to support Hong Kong and Macao students to start their own businesses in the mainland.