稳定碳同位素技术在多环芳烃源解析中的应用进展

Application of Stable Carbon Isotopic Ratio Measurement in Source Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons

多环芳烃是广泛存在于环境中的具有“三致”效应的有机污染物,环境中的多环芳烃来源复杂,传统溯源方法受到环境中降解作用影响,具有较大局限性,而稳定碳同位素技术在多环芳烃源解析中具有较好的应用。该文通过文献综述,梳理比较了多环芳烃单体稳定碳同位素样品提取、净化、洗脱等前处理方法的优缺点,分析了选择不同内标物和分析柱进行样品分析的精确度;阐述了在实验室分析过程中以及环境中可能发生的稳定碳同位素分馏效应;通过相关研究案例分析,总结了稳定碳同位素技术在大气颗粒物、土壤和沉积物等环境样品源解析中的应用可行性。结果表明,稳定碳同位素在特定污染源中组成确定,且具有在污染物迁移和转化过程中不发生显著变化的特点,稳定碳同位素技术能较好应用于多环芳烃源解析,与其他方法结合使用,可以更好地解决复杂样品的溯源问题。

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are widely existed in the environment as organic pollutants.The sourc⁃es of PAHs in the environment are complex,and the traditional traceability methods are affected by degradation in the environ⁃ment,which have great limitations.However,the stable carbon isotope technology has a preferable application in the analysis of PAHs sources.In this paper,through literature review,the advantages and disadvantages of pretreatment methods such as extraction,purification and elution of stable carbon isotopes of PAHs monomers were compared,and the accuracy of sample analysis with different internal standards and analytical columns was analyzed.The effect of stable carbon isotope fraction⁃ation that may occur in laboratory analysis and environment was described.The application feasibility of stable carbon isotope technique in source analysis of atmospheric particulate matter,soil and sediment was summarized.The results showed that the stable carbon isotope technique could be well applied to source analysis of PAHs and could be used in combination with other methods to solve the problem of traceability of complex samples.