软外延生长法构筑纳米粒子超晶格材料

Nanoparticle superlattices enabled by soft epitaxial strategy

由纳米粒子自下而上自组装而成、高度有序的纳米粒子超晶格材料是近年来兴起的一类新型材料.本文主要概述了软外延生长法构筑纳米粒子超晶格材料的概念及组装策略,结合近几年本课题组的相关研究工作,主要介绍了几种不同的基底材料,以及通过调控基底与纳米粒子之间的相互作用来构建纳米粒子超晶格材料.具体包括以纳米粒子超晶格、有机分子笼晶体以及超分子组装体等作为基底诱导纳米粒子软外延生长.通过软外延生长法可实现对纳米粒子超晶格维度(包括一维、二维以及三维)的有效调控.同时,阐明了纳米粒子与基底材料的弱键相互作用机制,该机制也成为构筑无机纳米粒子/有机分子有序组装体重要的物理化学基础.

Bottom-up self-assembly of nanoparticles into highly-ordered nanoparticle superlattices is intriguing and produces new materials with emergent properties.This review outlines the recent progress in the nanoparticle superlattices enabled by soft-epitaxial assembly strategy.Three distinct"substrates"that are applied to conduct the nanoparticle assembly were introduced,including two-dimensional nanoparticle superlattices,porous organic cage crystal and supramolecular polymers.In the presence of diverse substrates,the dimensionalities of nanoparticle superlattices,including one-dimensional chains,two-dimensional sheets and three dimensional crystals can be rationally modulated.The mechanism underlying such soft epitaxial growth is discussed,which should be of particular importance in the development of hybrid materials from inorganic and organic materials with well-ordered structure.