甘肃哈思山区芫菁科主要药用昆虫的分布特征

Distribution Characteristics of the Main Medicinal Insects of Meloidae in the Hasi Mountain,Gansu Province

芫菁科Meloidae昆虫是豆类作物常见害虫,同时多具有重要药用价值。甘肃哈思山区是甘肃芫菁科昆虫聚集的典型代表区域,探索芫青科主要药用昆虫在该区域的分布特征,以期为该地区芫菁科药用昆虫资源开发奠定基础,也为防治该科昆虫因数量过度造成农业危害的决策建立提供理论依据。本研究调查了该区域各代表型样地中目标昆虫的数量、种类及取食情况,应用聚集度指标法、Taylor幂函数法及Iwao回归分析法分析目标昆虫的空间分布特征及抽样技术。结果表明:哈思山区常见的芫菁科主要药用昆虫有3属6种,以西北斑芫菁Mylabris sibirica(Fischer von Waldheim,1823)和圆点斑芫菁Mylabris aulica(Ménétriés,1832)为代表,分布于农田型样地和草地型样地,取食植物集中于菊科Asteraceae、豆科Leguminosae和唇形科Lamiaceae。目标昆虫的空间分布型为聚集分布,分布基本成分是个体群,种群个体间相互吸引。最适理论抽样数模型:N=(6.310/m+0.268)/D^(2),取m0为10头/株时,序贯抽样模型为:T_(1),T_(0)=10n±9.480√n。

Meloidae insects of the genie family are common pests of legume crops,and most of them are of great importance in medical use.The Hasi Mountain is a representative aggregation area of Meloidae insects in Gansu Province.In this study,the distribution characteristics of the main medicinal insects of the Meloidae in this region were explored.The number,species,and feeding conditions in each representative sample plot of the region,and the cluster index method,Taylor power function method,and Iwao regression analysis method were used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of target insects.The results showed that there were 3 genera and 6 species of the main medicinal insects of Meloidae in the Hasi Mountain,represented by Mylabris sibirica(Fischer von Waldheim,1823)and Mylabris aulica(Ménétriés,1832)distributed in farmland and grassland plots.The feeding plants concentrated on Asteraceae,Leguminosae,and Lamiaceae.The spatial distribution pattern of the target insects was aggregated,the basic component of distribution was individual colony,and there was mutual attraction between individual populations.The model[N=(6.310/m+0.268)/D^(2)]for determining the optimum theoretical sampling number was proposed,and the sequential sampling model is T_(1),T_(0)=10n±9.480√n when m0 is 10 heads per plant.This study lays a foundation for the exploitation of medicinal insects resources of the Meloidae in the Hasi Mountain,and provides a theoretical basis for the decision-making of prevention and control of agricultural hazards caused by the excessive number of Meloidae insects.