对位芳纶纳米纤维/熔喷非织造复合过滤材料的制备及性能研究

Study on the fabrication and characterization of para-aramid nanofiber/melt-blown nonwoven composites for filtration

以二甲基亚砜/氢氧化钾(DMSO/KOH)为溶剂溶解对位芳纶纤维,制备负电性的对位芳纶纳米纤维(ANFs)溶液。采用静电发生器对聚丙烯(PP)熔喷非织造材料进行正电驻极处理。利用涂膜技术将ANFs溶液涂覆在PP熔喷非织造材料的表面制备复合过滤材料。测试结果表明,PP熔喷非织造材料表面可形成一层连续的对位芳纶纳米纤维膜,该复合过滤材料具有良好的过滤效果,过滤效率达93.18%,过滤阻力为42.14 Pa,其力学性能也得到显著提升。

The electronegative para-aramid nanofiber(ANFs)solution was prepared through dissolving the para-aramid fibers with the dimethyl sulfoxide/potassium hydroxide(DMSO/KOH)taken as the solvent.The polypropylene(PP)melt-blown nonwoven material was treated with positive electret by the electrostatic generator.The composite filter material was made by coating the ANFs solution onto the surface of PP melt-blown nonwovens.The test results showed that a layer of continuous para-aramide nanofiber membrane was formed on the surface of PP melt-blown nonwoven material.The composite filter material had good filtration effect with filtration efficiency of 93.18%and filtration resistance of 42.14 Pa,and its mechanical properties were also significantly improved.