甲病毒受体MXRA8和LDLRAD3研究进展

Research progress on alphavirus receptors MXRA8and LDLRAD3

甲病毒是感染人类和动物的重要病原体,该病毒属成员可分为两大类:一类可致关节炎,如基孔肯雅病毒;另一类可致脑炎,如委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒和东部马脑炎病毒。尽管对于甲病毒的研究已开展多年,但甲病毒的侵染机制和宿主抗病毒机制尚未清楚,亦未研制出有效的疫苗和抗病毒药物。近年来,基孔肯雅病毒和委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒的受体基质重塑关联蛋白8(matrix remodeling associated 8,MXRA8)和低密度脂蛋白受体结构域蛋白3(low density lipoprotein receptor class A domain containing 3,LDLRAD3)相继被发现,鉴于这两种受体为最新发现,时效性较强,因此本文就这两种已知受体的研究进展进行总结概述,以期为甲病毒致病机制的进一步研究及相关疾病的预防控制提供新的思路。

Alphavirus is an important pathogen for human and animals.Members of this virus genus can be divided into two categories:one can cause arthritis,such as Chikungunya virus;the other can cause encephalitis,such as Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and eastern equine encephalitis virus.Although the research on alphavirus has been carried out for many years,the infection mechanism and host antiviral mechanism of alphavirus are not yet clear.Moreover,effective vaccines and antiviral drugs have not been validated.In recent years,the receptors MXRA8 for Chikungunya virus and LDLRAD3 for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus have been discovered.In this review,we summarize the research progress of these two receptors to provide concepts of the pathogenic mechanism of alphavirus and its disease prevention and control.