牺牲模板法中空硒化铜纳米材料的制备及表征

Preparation and characterization of hollow copper selenide nanomaterials by sacrificial template method

目的制备中空硒化铜纳米粒子(Cu_(2-x)Se NPs),并考察其光热以及放射治疗(放疗)增敏性能。方法以氧化亚铜(Cu2O)为牺牲模板,以硒粉为硒源,通过牺牲模板法制备Cu_(2-x)Se NPs,再在其表面修饰甲氧基聚乙二醇巯基(mPEG-SH),得到最终的纳米粒子Cu_(2-x)Se-PEG NPs。分别采用透射电子显微镜、激光粒度仪及紫外-可见分光光度计对Cu_(2-x)Se NPs的形貌、粒径及紫外光谱等进行表征;通过红外热成像仪和生物学X射线辐照仪考察Cu_(2-x)Se-PEG NPs的光热及放疗增敏性能。结果所得Cu_(2-x)Se NPs具有中空结构,粒径为(136.9±7.0)nm,单分散性好,在近红外区有吸收。Cu_(2-x)Se-PEG NPs的质量浓度为200μg/ml时,在808 nm激光照射下可升温至55℃。Cu_(2-x)Se-PEG NPs在X射线照射下产生的活性氧水平具有浓度和辐射剂量依赖性。结论本研究建立的制备方法能控制合成Cu_(2-x)Se NPs的尺寸,且材料具有良好的光热和放疗增敏性能,为运用Cu2-xSe-PEG NPs进行肿瘤的热放疗提供了一定的理论基础。

Objective To prepare hollow copper selenide nanoparticles(Cu_(2-x)Se NPs),and investigate their photothermal properties and radiotherapy sensitization performance.Methods Hollow copper selenide nanoparticles(Cu_(2-x)Se NPs)were prepared by sacrificial template method with Cu2O NPs as sacrificial templates and with selenium powder as selenium source.The surface of copper selenide nanoparticles(Cu_(2-x)Se NPs)was modified with mercapto-ethylene glycol(mPEG-SH)to obtain Cu_(2-x)Se-PEG NPs.The morphology,particle size and ultraviolet spectrum of the Cu_(2-x)Se NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy,laser particle size analyzer and ultraviolet spectrophotometer.The photothermal properties and radiosensitization performance of the Cu_(2-x)Se-PEG NPs were investigated by infrared thermal imager and biological X-ray irradiator.Results The obtained Cu_(2-x)Se NPs showed a hollow structure and good monodispersity,and the average diameter were(136.9±7.0)nm.The Cu_(2-x)Se NPs had absorption in the near-infrared region.When the Cu_(2-x)Se-PEG NPs sample with the mass concentration of 200μg/ml were irradiated under 808 nm laser at 1.0 W/cm2 for 10 min,the temperature raised to more than 55℃.The level of reactive oxygen species produced by the Cu_(2-x)Se-PEG NPs under X-ray irradiation was related to the concentration and radiation dose.Conclusions The proposed preparation method can control the size of synthesized Cu_(2-x)Se NPs,and the Cu_(2-x)Se NPs had good photothermal properties and radiosensitization performance.This work will provide a certain theoretical basis for the application of Cu_(2-x)Se-PEG NPs in tumor thermoradiotherapy.