海南省35~74岁人群超重肥胖流行特征与相关危险因素的研究

Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of overweight and obesity in population aged 35-74 in Hainan province

目的了解海南省35~74岁人群超重、肥胖流行特征情况,探讨海南省中老年人超重、肥胖的相关影响因素,提出合理的体重控制措施。方法从2018—2020年海南地区自然人群慢性病前瞻性队列研究中选取符合条件的完成基线调查的研究对象,计算体重指数(body mass index,BMI),收集研究对象吸烟、饮酒、饮茶等生活方式资料,对不同年龄段和不同性别肥胖情况采用描述性研究,并通过多因素Logistics回归分析探讨超重肥胖和中心性肥胖的相关危险因素。结果本研究共纳入研究对象4838人,多因素分析结果显示男性、饮茶是海南省中老年人超重肥胖的危险因素(OR=1.71,95%CI:1.47~1.99;OR=1.65,95%CI:1.44~1.88),吸烟是超重肥胖的保护因素(OR=0.69,95%CI:0.59~0.91),年龄在超重肥胖中有两种影响,而在中心性肥胖中只表现为危险因素,男性、饮茶是海南省中老年人中心性肥胖的危险因素(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.30~1.62;OR=1.52,95%CI:1.33~1.74)。结论海南省中老年人超重肥胖率在国内处于较低水平,但仍应密切关注中老年人体质状况,控制体重和腰围,采取措施预防和控制肥胖及相关疾病的发生。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among 35-74-year-old people in Hainan province,to explore the related factors of overweight and obesity among the middle-aged and old people in Hainan province,and to put forward reasonable weight control measures.Methods Body mass index(BMI)was calculated from a prospective cohort study of chronic diseases among natural populations in Hainan from 2018 to 2020,the data of smoking,drinking,drinking tea and other lifestyle were collected,and the obesity of different age groups and different sex was studied by descriptive study and logistic regression analysis,to analyze the risk factors of overweight obesity and central obesity.Results A total of 4838 subjects were included in this study.The results of multivariate analysis showed that male and tea drinking were the risk factors of overweight and obesity in the middle-aged and elderly people in Hainan province(OR=1.71,95%CI:1.47-1.99;OR=1.65,95%CI:1.44-1.88),smoking is a protective factor for overweight and obesity(OR=0.69,95%CI:0.59-0.91).Age has two effects on overweight and obesity,but only as a risk factor in central obesity,male and tea drinking were the risk factors of central obesity(OR=1.43,95%CI:1.30-1.62;OR=1.52,95%CI:1.33-1.74).Conclusions Although the overweight and obesity rate of the middle-aged and old people in Hainan province is at a low level in China,we should pay close attention to the physical condition of the middle-aged and old people,control their weight and waist circumference,and take measures to prevent and control the occurrence of obesity and related diseases.