论侦查阶段我国律师会见的分级监督机制

The graded supervision mechanism of lawyers’interview in the stage of investigation

2007年修订的《律师法》首次规定了律师会见在押犯罪嫌疑人、被告人不被监听,对于特殊案件律师会见应当经过侦查机关的许可。2012年、2018年先后修订的《刑事诉讼法》保留和完善了这一规定。现行法律规定实现了完全的律师秘密会见,侦查机关仅对两类特殊案件有权许可会见,缺少一种在监视监听状态下律师会见的中间状态。国际准则和域外规则都允许对一般案件中的律师会见进行监视,对特殊案件中的律师会见进行监视监听。我国应当设置律师会见分级监督机制:一般禁止对律师会见监视监听,并不排除秘密会见时对律师会见进行监视,特殊情况下可以对律师会见监视监听,保留特殊案件的许可会见制度。

The Lawyers Law revised in 2007 stipulates for the first time that lawyers have the right to meet criminal suspects and defendants in custody without being monitored,and the interview of lawyers in special cases shall be approved by the investigation organ.The Criminal Procedure Law revised in 2012 and 2018 retained and improved this provision.The current law provides for a thorough secret interview with lawyers,but the investigative organs have the right to grant permission to meet two types of special cases,and there is a lack of an intermediate state in which lawyers meet in the state of surveillance and surveillance.Both international standards and extraterritorial rules allow surveillance of lawyer interviews in general cases and surveillance of lawyer interviews in special cases.China should set up the lawyer interview supervision mechanism at different levels:generally forbidding the lawyer interview and monitoring;secret meeting does not rule out the monitoring of the lawyer interview;under special circumstances,the lawyer interview monitoring system can be retained and the license interview system for specific cases can be retained.