中美战略竞争背景下中国大学生对美国国家形象的认知研究——基于对河南省五所高校的调查

A Study on Chinese College Students’ Cognition of American National Image under the Background of Sino-US strategic competition——Based on the Survey of Five Universities in Henan Province

近年来,随着中国综合实力的提升,美国国内焦虑情绪蔓延,其对华政策由此前的竞争合作转向全面遏制,中美战略竞争不断升级。在此背景下,接触西方文化、并具有广泛国际视野的青年大学生对美国的国家形象认知也在发生显著变化。本论文通过对河南省五所高校的实证调查发现:当前中国大学生对美国的总体形象认知中,负面印象明显高于正面印象,对中美关系的总体发展态势判断并不乐观。影响中国大学生美国观转变的因素主要有:中美在经济与社会发展领域的对比反衬、美国对华对抗政策的刺激、新冠疫情下中美社会治理模式的鲜明反差以及大学生获取美国真实社会状况信息渠道的全面和多元化。

In recent years, with the improvement of China’s comprehensive strength and the spread of domestic anxiety in the United States. The US policy towards China has shifted from previous competition cooperation to comprehensive containment, and the strategic competition between China and the United States has been constantly upgraded. In this context, the cognition of the national image of the United States of America has also changed significantly among young college students who have deep contact with western culture and have a wide international perspective. By empirical investigation of five universities in Henan province, this paper finds that: in the current Chinese college students’ cognition of the overall image of the United States, the negative impression is significantly higher than the positive impression, and the judgment of the overall development trend of Sino-US relations is not optimistic. The main factors that influence the transformation of Chinese university students’ outlook on the United States are: the contrast between China and the United States in the field of economic and social development, the stimulation of US confrontation policy toward China, the sharp contrast between the social governance patterns of China and the United States under COVID-19, and the comprehensive and pluralistic channels of obtaining information about the real social situation of the United States.