科技创新、产业结构升级与旅游业全要素生产率--基于安徽省市级面板数据的实证研究

Technological Innovation,Industrial Structure Upgrading and Total Factor Productivity of Tourism--An Empirical Study Based on the City Level Panel Data of Anhui Province

基于2010-2018年安徽省16个城市相关数据,构建面板模型,实证分析了科技创新、产业结构升级对旅游业全要素生产率的影响。结果显示:(1)安徽省旅游业全要素生产率呈N型增长趋势,年均生产率增长21%,存在明显的时空差异,皖北地区实现较快的技术进步,皖南地区实现较优的技术效率。(2)科技创新对旅游业全要素生产率产生显著推进作用,产业结构升级滞后对旅游业全要素生产率的影响为正,表明安徽省旅游业尚未实现有效的资源利用和协同发展。(3)安徽省科技创新主要影响旅游业技术进步,产业结构升级主要作用于旅游业规模效率;分地区科技创新正向推动皖北地区旅游业纯技术效率、皖中地区旅游业技术进步,负面制约皖北地区旅游业规模效率;产业结构升级对皖中地区旅游业技术进步产生显著负面作用。

Global tourism accelerates the cross-border integration of the tourism industry and multiple in-dustries,which form a closely linked entirety.The improvement of total factor productivity of tourism has become a concern of practitioners in the tourism industry.Science and technologies(e.g.artificial intelli-gence)are also applied in the tourism industry to stimulate a new round of efficiency growth.Can scientific and technological progress and industrial structure upgrading effectively promote the efficiency of tourism while improving the quality of tourism services?Is there any spatial difference across various areas?These are questions to be answered.Based on the relevant data of 16 cities in Anhui province from 2010 to 2018,this paper constructed the DEA-Malmquist to analyze the total factor productivity model and a variety of panel data models,and empirically examined the impact of scientific and technological innovation and in-dustrial structure upgrade on total factor productivity of tourism industry in Anhui Province.Also,we in-vestigated the impact of technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading on total factor produc-tivity of tourism in Anhui Province and its sub-regions.This helps Anhui Province and its urban areas to understand the current situation and trend of local tourism development efficiency and can provide implica-tions for the study of tourism efficiency and its antecedents in other provinces and cities.The following re-sults were reached:(1)The tourism productivity of Anhui province shows an N-type growth trend,with an average annual growth rate of 21%,with significant spatial and temporal differences,;rapid technologi-cal progress is achieved in Northern Anhui,and better technological efficiency is achieved in Southern An-hui.(2)Scientific and technological innovation significantly promotes the efficiency of tourism,while in-dustrial structure upgrading hurts the efficiency of tourism.In other words,effective resource utilization and coordinated development of tourism in Anhui province have not been realized.(3)The technological innovation in Anhui province mainly affects the technological progress of tourism,while the industrial structure upgrade mainly affects the scale efficiency of tourism;For different regions,the increasing level of scientific and technological innovation plays a significant role in promoting the comprehensive productiv-ity of different regions.Scientific and technological innovation facilities the pure technical efficiency of tourism in the north of Anhui Province,the technological progress of tourism in the middle of Anhui Prov-ince,and basically restricts the scale efficiency of tourism in the north of Anhui Province.The upgrading of the industrial structure has a significant positive impact on the south of Anhui Province.The productivi-ty of the tourism industry and the upgrading of the industrial structure have a significant and restrictive effect on the technological progress of the tourism industry in central Anhui Province.Scientific and tech-nological innovation and industrial structure upgrading have a significant impact on the efficiency of the tourism industry.For regions where the tourism industry is relatively well-developed(such as Southern Anhui),urban tourism can easily reach a high scale in terms of economy.Scientific and technological inno-vation has a significant role in promoting the scale efficiency of the tourism industry.For underdeveloped tourism areas such as Northern Anhui where urban tourism easily facilitates better technological progress,technological innovation will significantly improve the technological progress of tourism.Complex influ-ence mechanisms exist from the upgrading of industrial structure to the efficiency of tourism,which may restrict the improvement of tourism efficiency.