核电站氢催化氧化催化剂研究进展

Research Progress of H-O Recombination Catalyst in Nuclear Power Plant

核电站发生严重事故时,会产生大量氢气,需要进行处理,而氢气催化氧化技术是一种较好的处理方式可用于核电站的氢气处理,其关键是依靠氢氧化合催化剂得以实现.我们综述了催化剂的活性成分、载体和制备方法,以及催化剂的改性方法对催化性能的影响.目前催化剂的改性研究主要集中于对金属粒子的尺寸和分散性的改善,尽可能利用载体表面的金属粒子以获得高的催化剂活性.同时,催化反应容易受到"有毒"物质干扰,可以通过活性成分合金化、改变负载在载体表面的金属粒子形貌(如核壳结构)等方式改善,从而达到提升催化活性的目的.

When a serious accident occurs in the nuclear power plant, hydrogen is extensively produced, which needs to be well controlled. Hydrogen catalytic oxidation technology is an effective method to handle with the hydrogen leak, and the key factor relies on the catalyst. This article briefly describes the active component, carrier, preparation methods of the catalyst, as well as the impact of modification methods on the catalytic performance. The current modification research mainly focuses on improving the size and dispersibility of metal particles, and using metal particles on the surface of the carrier as much as possible. On the other hand, since that the catalytic reaction is easily interfered by "toxic" substances, the activity can be improved by alloying active component and changing the morphology of the metal particles(such as core-shell structure) supported on the surface of carrier.