工作场所社会资本对公立医院医务人员离职意愿的影响分析

Analysis of the Influence of Workplace Social Capital on the Turnover Intention of Medical Staff in Public Hospitals

目的了解公立医院医务人员工作场所社会资本及离职意愿现状,分析工作场所社会资本对其离职意愿的影响。方法采用分层随机抽样方法选取浙江、湖南、四川等地9家公立医院的2700名医务人员开展问卷调查,对其个人基本信息、工作场所社会资本、离职意愿得分进行描述性分析,采用两独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、K-W检验等方法分析不同人口学特征下的离职意愿差异情况,使用多元线性回归模型分析影响离职意愿的因素。结果样本医院医务人员的离职意愿得分为(13.02±3.63)分,属于较高水平;工作场所社会资本总分为(32.97±5.11)分,其中认知型和结构型维度得分分别为(12.45±1.88)分、(20.52±3.38)分,且均与离职意愿得分呈现中度负相关关系;年龄、婚姻状况、职称、岗位类型、年收入、工作场所社会资本是影响离职意愿的主要因素。结论降低公立医院医务人员离职意愿需重点关注那些低年龄、低收入、高学历、高职称、已婚及工作岗位为临床医生的人员,且升高工作场所社会资本有助于削弱其离职意愿。

Objective To understand the status quo of social capital and turnover intention among medical staff in public hospitals,and analyze the influence of workplace social capital on their turnover intention.Methods A questionnaire survey of a total of 2700 medical staff was conducted in 9 public hospitals in Zhejiang,Hunan and Sichuan using a stratified random sampling technique.Descriptive statistics were conducted to summarize the general information,workplace social capital and turnover intention of participants.Two-sample t-test,one-way ANOVA,and K-W test were used to evaluate the statistical difference of turnover intention among those with different demographic characteristics.Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to analyze the influencing factors of turnover intention.Results The mean score of turnover intention among medical staff in sampling public hospitals was(13.02±3.63),showing a relatively higher level.The mean score of workplace social capital was(32.97±5.11),among which,the mean scores of cognitive dimension and structural dimension were(12.45±1.88)and(20.52±3.38),respectively.Both of the two sub-dimensions shows a moderately negative relationship with the turnover intention.Age,marital status,professional title,job type,annual income,and workplace social capital were the significant factors of turnover intention among medical staff.Conclusion Medical staff characterized with lower age,lower income,higher education level,higher professional title,being married and working as a clinician was prone to having turnover intention.Workplace social capital might be helpful to develop targeted strategies for reducing turnover intention.