教学类视频弹幕文本的批判话语分析--以哔哩哔哩网站的某套高中物理教学视频为例

Critical Discourse Analysis on Danmaku Texts of Teaching Videos--Taking a Set of High School Physics Teaching Videos on BiliBili Website as an Example

传统的交互研究方法有其局限性,而弹幕作为新的在线交互技术,引发了教育技术工作者的研究热情。基于此,文章采用批判话语分析法,以哔哩哔哩网站的某套高中物理教学视频为例,从文本、话语实践、社会文化实践等三个向度对此套视频第一集的弹幕文本进行了分析,结果发现,弹幕文本字数少、意义表达碎片化,用词被打上学科术语和弹幕流行语的双重烙印,语气简洁直接;弹幕文本的生产与消费过程经历了初次生成、接受与再生产、高能激发等三个阶段——初次生成阶段源于学习与情感互动、接受与再生产阶段的重点是二次元文化的体现与被收编,高能激发阶段则体现了弹幕发送的“羊群效应”;弹幕交互具有明显的圈子化、吐槽化、匿名化和去中心化、错觉化和虚拟化、仪式化和狂欢化等特点。对教学类视频弹幕文本进行批判话语分析,可以帮助教师更好地理解基于弹幕交互技术的在线学习文化,从而更有效地开展在线教学。

The traditional interactive research methods had their limitations,and danmaku,as a new online interactive technology,had aroused the research enthusiasm of educational technology researchers.Based on this,the paper used the critical discourse analysis to analyze the danmaku texts of the first episode from a set of high school physics teaching videos on BiliBili website through three dimensions of the text,the discourse practice,and the social-cultural practice.It was found that the number of danmaku words was small,the meaning expression was fragmented,the words were marked with the double brand of subject terms and danmaku catchwords,and the tone was simple and direct.Meanwhile,the production and consumption process of danmaku had experienced three stages of initial generation,acceptance and reproduction,and high-energy excitation.The initial generation stage originated from the interaction of learning and emotion,the acceptance and reproduction stage focused on the embodiment and incorporation of two-dimensional culture,and the high-energy excitation stage reflected the“herding effect”of danmaku transmission.In addition,the danmaku interaction had the characteristics of circleization,complaints,anonymization and decentralization,illusionization and virtualization,ritualization and carnivalization.Critical discourse analysis on danmaku texts of teaching videos could help teachers better understand the online learning culture based on danmuku interactive technology,so as to carry out online teaching more effectively.