考虑车体柔性的钢轨打磨车曲线通过性能研究

Study on Curving Passing Performance of Rail Grinding Wagon Considering Car-Body Flexibility

钢轨打磨车执行曲线打磨作业时,运行速度一般低于曲线设计速度,以过超高状态通过曲线。考虑钢轨打磨车车体柔性,使用有限元分析软件ANSYS和多体动力学仿真软件Simpack建立车辆刚柔耦合动力学模型,考虑砂轮和钢轨接触关系,研究车体弹性变形对车辆动力学性能的影响,对比分析处于打磨工况和自走行工况下曲线半径和超高对车辆动态曲线通过时的动力学响应。结果表明,车体弹性变形主要影响车轮的脱轨系数和轮重减载率,对轮轴横向力和倾覆系数影响较小,将车体考虑成柔性体后钢轨打磨车的曲线通过性能有所提高;在一定范围内,增大曲线半径,减小超高有助于提高打磨车的曲线通过性能;打磨作业会恶化打磨车的曲线通过能力,脱轨的风险有所增大。

The passing speed is much lower than the design speed of curved track when rail grinding wagon performs the curve grinding operation,which results in the excess superelevation phenomenon.The rigid-flexible coupled dynamics model of rail grinding wagon was established using the FEM software ANSYS and the multi-body simulation software Simpack considering carbody flexibility.The contact relationship between the grinding wheels and rail was introduced in the model to study car-body elastic deformation on the dynamic performances.The dynamic responses of curve radius and superelevation were compared and analyzed under grinding operation conditions and free running.The results showed that the car-body elastic deformation mainly affected derailment coefficient and wheel unloading rate,but had little influence on the wheel axle lateral force and roll coefficient.After considering the car-body as a flexible body,curving passing performance of the rail grinding wagon had been improved.Within a certain range,increasing the curve radius and decreasing the superelevation could improve curving passing performance of vehicle.Grinding would worsen curving passing performance of vehicle and increase the risk of derailment.