基于比磨削能的中低速钢轨打磨技术研究

Research on Rail Grinding Technology of Medium and Low Speed Based on Specific Grinding Energy

为了提高钢轨打磨效率,依据现有机床加工磨削原理与高速切削比磨削能计算方法,开展中低速钢轨打磨切削量精准控制技术应用研究。以标准60N钢轨轨头廓面打磨为例,首先提取廓面几何特征并将其分为4个打磨区域,根据钢轨预打磨廓面比磨削能与切削量的经验关系,建立钢轨廓面各打磨区域切削量的经验计算模型,并通过现场打磨测试验证该计算模型的可行性和精准性。结果表明,经过3次打磨计算,钢轨轨头廓面区域2的磨削面积总量最大为7.28 mm^(2),区域3的磨削面积总量最小为1.18 mm^(2),并且现场打磨测试的总切削量与理论计算的相对偏差分别为-3.57%和-4.24%,磨削总量结果基本吻合,达到钢轨磨削精度要求。

In order to improve the efficiency of rail grinding,according to the existing machining and grinding principles of machine tools and the calculation method of high-speed cutting specific grinding energy,the application research of precision control technology for medium and low speed rail grinding was carried out.Taking the standard 60N rail profile grinding as an example,the geometric features of the profile surface were extracted and divided into four grinding areas.According to the empirical relationship between the rail pre-grinding profile surface ratio grinding energy and the amount of grinding,the empirical calculation model of the grinding amount of the rail profile surface is established,and the feasibility and accuracy of the calculation model were verified through on-site grinding tests.The results showed that after three grinding calculations,the maximum grinding amount of rail head profile area 2 was 7.28 mm^(2),and the minimum grinding amount of area 3 was 1.18 mm^(2),and the total cutting amount of the on-site grinding test was relative to the theoretical calculation.The deviations were-3.57%and-4.24%,respectively,and the total grinding results were consistent with the rail grinding accuracy requirements.