高速列车盘式制动器散热筋结构散热研究

Research on Heat Dissipation Effect of Radiator Structure of Disc Brake for High-speed Train

为了提高高速列车制动过程的安全性,需对制动盘散热筋结构进行优化设计。文章运用ANSYSworkbench软件建立三维瞬态模型,基于能量折算法对8种方案下不同结构参数的制动盘进行温度场仿真,研究在制动初速度为350 km/h时的一次紧急制动工况下,散热筋高度、排列密度和排流角的改变对制动盘温度场和热应力场影响的变化规律。仿真发现:增加散热筋高度、增大排流角、降低排列密度有助于制动盘散热;在紧急制动工况中,最高温度点在制动盘面,最大热应力在散热筋侧面;8个方案中,方案7满足初速度为350 km/h的高速列车制动要求,最高温度相对最低,最大热应力可降低36 MPa。

In order to improve the safety of the braking process of high-speed train,the brake disc heat dissipation structure needs to be optimized.The ANSYS-workbench software was used to establish a three-dimensional transient model.The temperature field simulation was performed on the brake discs with 8 different structural parameters based on the energy folding algorithm.The initial friction braking condition was obtained when the initial braking speed was 350 km/h.The change mechanism of the temperature field and the thermal stress field of the brake disc was analyzed by changing the height,the arrangement density and the discharge angle of the radiator.The simulation found that increasing the drainage angle,height of the heat dissipation ribs,and reducing the arrangement density can contribute to the heat dissipation of the brake disc;in the emergency braking project,the highest temperature point is on the brake disc surface,and the maximum thermal stress is on the side of the heat dissipation rib;In all 8 schemes,scheme 7 meets the braking requirements of high-speed trains with the initial speed of 350 km/h,the highest temperature is the lowest in all schemes,and the maximum thermal stress is reduced by 36 MPa.