共生视阈下职业教育资源竞合关系演化机理及运作——以德国跨企业培训中心和技术转移中心为例

Vocational Education Resource Integration from a Symbiotic Perspective: Take Cross-enterprise Training Centers and Technology Transfer Centers as Examples

在职业教育主体、环境和界面不断变化的情形下,全球职业教育资源整合正在探索一个更适应复杂性和动态性的全新系统,目标是建立互惠共生的战略协同机制。近年来,德国为促进职业教育长期繁荣,积极引入共生系统,成立了一批跨企业培训中心和技术转移中心。借助跨企业培训中心,德国政府"自上而下"设立严格产权制度和评价体系,明晰了单元主体间利益份额,抑制各种投机行为。借助技术转移中心,成员之间"自下而上"共享资源,确保了相互依赖、协同互动和彼此获利的持续性。以高质量竞合关系为特点的共生系统,为提升我国职业教育国际竞争力提供了可操作性框架。

In the changing environment and interface, global vocational education resource integration is exploring a new system. This goal is to establish strategic coordination mechanism of mutualism. In recent years, a number of cross-enterprise training centers and technology transfer centers have been set up in Germany. With the aid of cross-enterprise training centers, the German government established a strict property rights system and evaluation system "from the top down", clarifying the interest shares and restraining various speculative behaviors. Through technology transfer centers, members share resources "from the bottom up", ensuring the sustainability of interdependence and mutual profitability. The symbiotic system, characterized by high-quality co-opetition, provides a strategic development framework for improving the international competitiveness of China’s professional education, clarifying the legal status among the symbiotic units, building a dependent symbiotic relationship, improving the symbiotic environment and the clustered symbiotic interface.