广州中老年人血红蛋白和红细胞压积与高血压的相关性研究

Correlation of hemoglobin and hematocrit with hypertension in middle-aged and elderly people in Guangzhou

目的分析中老年人血红蛋白(hemoglobin,HGB)和红细胞压积(hematocrit,HCT)与高血压的相关性,为防控来自血液粘度增高的高血压风险提供科学参考。方法基于"广州生物库队列研究"平台,选取24944名50岁及以上非地中海贫血的广州居民,基线调查收集年龄、性别、文化程度、职业、个人收入、吸烟、饮酒、体力活动、身体质量指数和空腹总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和血糖,采用logistic回归模型分析不同性别HGB和HCT水平与高血压的相关性。结果本研究男性占28.6%,平均年龄(64.3±6.7)岁,女性平均年龄(61.3±7.0)岁。男女高血压患病率分别为49.3%和46.2%,男女高血压患病率均随HCT和HGB水平升高而升高(P<0.001);与非高血压组相比,高血压组的年龄较大,HGB和HCT水平也更高(P均<0.001)。调整相关混杂因素后,与第1四分位数组相比,HGB、HCT第4四分位数组的高血压患病风险OR(95%CI)分别为男性1.35(1.16~1.57)、1.29(1.11~1.50)和女性1.51(1.37~1.67)、1.47(1.34~1.61)。结论中老年人HGB和HCT水平的升高与高血压患病风险增加相关,建议适当关注中老年人HGB和HCT异常增高导致血液粘度增大带来的高血压风险。

Objective To analyze the correlation of hemoglobin(HGB)and hematocrit(HCT)with hypertension in the middle-aged and elderly so as to provide scientific references for prevention and control of hypertension risk from increased blood viscosity.Methods Based on the platform of Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study(GBCS),24,944 Guangzhou residents aged 50 years and above and without Cooley’s anemia were selected,and data including age,gender,educational background,occupation,personal income,smoking,drinking,physical activity,body mass index(BMI),fasting total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and blood glucose were collected through the baseline survey.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of HGB and HCT with hypertension among the residents with different genders.Results Male residents accounted for 28.6%in this study,and their mean age((64.3±6.7)years)was greater than that of female ones((61.3±7.0)years).The prevalence rate of hypertension was 49.3%in male residents and 46.2%in female ones,and the prevalence rates of hypertension in the male and female residents both increased with the increasing HGB and HCT levels(P<0.001).Compared with the non-hypertension group,residents in the hypertension group had elder age and higher HGB and HCT levels(all P<0.001).After adjusting for relevant confounders above,comparing with the first quartile,residents at the fourth quartile of HGB and HCT showed the highest odds ratio of hypertension,with ORs(95%CI)being 1.35(1.16-1.57),1.29(1.11-1.50)in males and 1.51(1.37-1.67),1.47(1.34-1.61)in females,respectively(all P<0.001).Conclusion The elevated levels of HGB and HCT in the middle-aged and elderly are associated with a higher risk of hypertension.It is suggested that appropriate attention should be paid to the risk of hypertension associated with increased blood viscosity caused by abnormal increase in HGB and HCT among middle-aged and elderly people.