金属基仿生超滑表面制造及其应用

Fabrication and Application of Metal-Based Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surface

金属是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要物质基础,是构成现代文明社会的支撑材料,增加金属材料的特殊性能,拓宽金属材料的应用范围,已经成为自然科学交叉研究的热点。受自然界启发,研究人员通过探究猪笼草口缘区的超滑行为,在微/纳米结构基底中注入低表面能润滑液,形成固液复合涂层,设计并制备出具有特殊润湿性的仿生超滑表面,显现出优异的自愈、防冰、防污、耐腐蚀、抗生物黏附、自清洁等性能。该方法为金属基体上设计构建仿生超滑表面,并实现其表面多功能性,进而为其在海洋防污、生物医疗、航空航天、制冷、工业生产等领域实现更广泛的应用提供了可能。本文从仿生超滑表面的设计原理、制备工艺、金属基体仿生超滑表面的应用以及未来发展趋势和挑战四个方面对金属基体仿生超滑表面的研究进展进行了综述。

Metal is an essential material foundation on which human society depends on survival and development.It is a supporting material that constitutes a modern civilized society.Increasing the unique properties of metal materials and expanding the scope of application of metal materials has become a hotspot in the cross-study of natural sciences.Inspired by nature,the researchers have investigated the ultra-slip behaviour of the pitcher plant of nepenthes,injecting low surface energy lubricating liquid into the micro/nano structure substrate,forming a solid-liquid composite structure,and prepared a slippery liquid-infused porous surface(SLIPS)with special wettability.SLIPS has excellent self-healing,anti-icing,anti-fouling,anti-corrosion,anti-bioadhesion and self-cleaning properties.The method designs and constructs a SLIPS on a metal substrate and realizes its surface versatility,thereby providing the possibility for it to achieve a wider range of applications in the fields of marine anti-fouling,biomedical,aerospace,refrigeration,and industrial production.This article is divided into four parts to review the research progress of metal-based SLIPS manufacturing and its application,and summarize the design principle,preparation process,application of metal-based SLIPS,and future development trends and challenges.