基于红外隐身及多波段兼容隐身材料

Infrared Stealth and Multi-Band Compatible Stealth Materials

随着探测系统的快速发展和探测精度的提高,隐身技术的需求日益迫切。由于传统的红外隐身材料面临着多途径目标探测的严峻挑战,因此开发既能满足红外隐身要求又能满足雷达隐身、可见光隐身、激光隐身要求的新型兼容隐身材料具有重要意义。红外隐身材料主要针对目标的红外辐射特征进行材料、结构设计,降低目标在背景中热红外辐射信号的突出性以及被热红外制导武器命中的概率。本综述概述了红外隐身及兼容材料的工作原理、制备方法及最新研究进展。首先介绍了最具有发展前景的红外隐身材料包括光子晶体、掺杂半导体、相变材料和纳米材料的结构特性、隐身机理和研究成果,重点关注了实现红外隐身的材料以及具体的隐身特性,讨论了红外兼容雷达、红外兼容可见光、红外兼容激光以及多波段兼容等材料的兼容隐身条件,并对其最新研究进展进行了系统的总结。最后,梳理了目前红外隐身材料以及各兼容材料所存在的不足及面临的困难,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。

With the rapid development of detection system and the improvement of detection accuracy,the demand for stealth technology is increasingly urgent.As the traditional infrared stealth materials are facing the severe challenge of multi-channel target detection,it is of great significance to develop new compatible stealth materials which can meet the requirements of infrared stealth,radar stealth,visible light stealth and laser stealth.The infrared stealth materials mainly aim at the infrared radiation characteristics of the target to design the material and structure,so as to reduce the prominence of the thermal infrared radiation signal in the background and the hit probability of the target by the thermal infrared guided weapon.This review summarizes the working principle,preparation methods and latest research progress of infrared stealth and compatible materials.Firstly,the structural characteristics,stealth mechanism and research results of the most promising infrared stealth materials,including photonic crystals,doped semiconductors,phase change materials and nano materials,are introduced.The materials to achieve infrared stealth and the specific stealth characteristics are focused.Secondly,infrared/radar compatible,infrared/visible light compatible,infrared/laser compatible and multi band compatible materials are discussed.In addition,the latest research progress is systematically summarized.Finally,the shortcomings and difficulties of infrared stealth materials and compatible materials are summarized,and the future research direction is prospected.