上海博物馆藏京姞盘札记

“Jing Ji” Bronze Pan in the Shanghai Museum

上海博物馆早年征集到一件京姞盘,其年代应在西周厉王时期。这件器物对于西周厉、宣时期青铜盘断代标准的建立具有重要意义。京氏本为山东地区的嬴姓东夷族,这件器物的铭文反映了京氏与姞姓贵族通婚的状况,对于研究京氏族群的相关历史问题具有重要的研究价值。周初东征后,京氏族群实际上分成两支。一支为京叔氏在山东地区,主要与东方国族通婚;一支为京仲氏,又称京氏在关中地区,主要与姬姓、姞姓和姜姓的族氏通婚。西周末年犬戎之乱,关中地区的畿内采邑纷纷东迁。京国迁徙至晋西南地区,在春秋早期被芮国所灭。

The "Jing Ji" bronze pan [京姞盘] in the Shanghai Museum was probably made during the reign of King Li in the Western Zhou dyasnty. It is of great importance for establishing the criteria for dating bronze pan made in Kings Li and Xuan’s reign. The inscription on this vessel reflects marriages between the Jing [京] people-who originally belonged to the Dongyi people in Shandong with the clan name Ying [嬴]-and the noble clan Ji [姞]. Therefore, it is regarded as valuable source for studying the history of the Jing people. Following the conquest of the eastern lands in the early Zhou, the Jing people were divided into two branches: one(called "京叔氏") stayed in Shandong and married mainly with peoples of the east;the other branch("京仲氏" or "京氏") lived in the Guanzhong region and married peoples from the clans of Ji [姬], Ji and Jiang [姜]. After the invasion of the Quanrong tribes at the end of the Western Zhou, states in Guanzhong began moving to the east. The Jing state moved to today’s southwestern Shanxi province and, in the early Spring and Autumn period, was overthrown by the Rui state.