2014年-2019年晋城市农村饮用水水质监测结果分析

Analysis of monitoring results of drinking water quality in rural areas of Jincheng City from 2014 to 2019

目的了解晋城市农村饮水水质卫生现状和变化趋势,为政府农村饮水相关决策提供技术支持和科学依据。方法按照《生活饮用水卫生标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750-2006)和《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006),对2014年-2019年晋城市农村饮用水监测点的2 996份水样检测结果进行分析评价。结果 2014年-2019年水质合格率分别为70.3%、76.7%、73.0%、72.4%、76.5%、70.6%,差异无统计学意义(χ2趋势=0.010,P>0.05)。超标严重的指标有总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群、菌落总数、总硬度、溶解性总固体、氟化物、硫酸盐。各年枯水期水样合格率比丰水期高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2017年和2018年末梢水合格率均高于出厂水,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 2014年-2019年晋城市农村饮水水质状况没有明显改善,微生物指标是影响农村饮水水质合格率的主要因素。亟需加强农村饮水水质消毒工作。

Objective To understand the hygienic quality and change tendency of rural drinking water in Jincheng,and provide technical support and scientific basis for government decision-making of rural drinking water.Methods According to Standard Examination Methods for Drinking Water(GB/T 5750-2006) and Standard for Drinking Water Quality(GB/T 5749-2006),2 996 rural drinking water samples were analyzed and evaluated from 2014 to 2019.Results The qualified rates of drinking water were 70.3%,76.7%,73.0%,72.4%,76.5% and 70.6% from 2014 to 2019,respectively,with the difference not statistically significant(χ^(2)_(trend)=0.010,P>0.05).The over-standard indicators were total coliform group,thermotolerant coliform group,total number of colonies,total hardness,total dissolved solids,fluoride and sulfate.The qualified rates in dry season were higher than those in wet season,and the difference in qualified rates was statistically significant between wet season and dry season(P<0.05).The qualified rate of tap water was higher than that of finished water from 2017 to 2018,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The hygienic quality of rural drinking water in Jincheng wasn’t significantly improved from 2014 to 2019.The microbiological indicators were the main influencing factors.It was necessary to strengthen the disinfection of rural drinking water.