菏泽市主要农产品中铅、镉污染状况调查及膳食暴露评估

Investigation on lead and cadmium pollution and dietary exposure assessment of major agricultural products in Heze City

目的了解菏泽市主要农产品中重金属铅、镉污染状况及膳食暴露风险。方法采用微波消解法前处理,用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法测定农产品中铅、镉的含量,并进行了膳食暴露评估。结果蔬菜、苹果、杂豆中铅的平均含量分别为0.048 mg/kg、0.018 mg/kg、0.044 mg/kg,中位值分别为0.031 mg/kg、0.014 mg/kg、0.009 mg/kg,合格率分别为98.0%、100.0%、95.0%;镉的平均含量分别为0.011 mg/kg、0.000 6 mg/kg、0.045 mg/kg,中位值分别为0.007 mg/kg、0.000 5 mg/kg、0.015 mg/kg,合格率分别为100.0%、100.0%、95.0%。谷物中铅的平均含量为0.206 mg/kg,中位值为0.146 mg/kg,合格率为68.0%;镉的平均含量为0.049 mg/kg,中位值为0.040 mg/kg,合格率为91.0%。结论蔬菜、苹果、杂豆中铅、镉污染水平较低,膳食暴露风险较小,但谷物中铅、镉污染水平偏高,膳食暴露风险增大。

Objective To understand the pollution status and dietary exposure risk of lead and cadmium in major agricultural products in Heze City.Methods The contents of lead and cadmium in agricultural products were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry,and dietary exposure assessment was conducted.Results The average lead content in vegetables,apples and soybeans are 0.048 mg/kg,0.018 mg/kg and 0.044 mg/kg.respectively,and the median is0.031 mg/kg,0.014 mg/kg and 0.009 mg/kg,respectively,and the qualified rates are 98.0%,100.0% and 95.0%,respectively.The average content of cadmium is 0.011 mg/kg,0.0006 mg/kg and 0.045 mg/kg,respectively,the median values are 0.007 mg/kg,0.0005 mg/kg and 0.015 mg/kg respectively.The qualified rate is 100.0%,100.0% and 95.0%respectively.The average content of lead in grain is 0.206 mg/kg.The median is 0.146 mg/kg and the qualified rate is68.0%.The average content of cadmium is 0.049 mg/kg,and the median is 0.040 mg/kg,and the qualified rate is 91.0%.Conclusion The pollution levels of lead and cadmium in vegetables,apples and beans are low,and the risk of dietary exposure is not heavy,but the pollution levels of lead and cadmium in cereals are high,and the risk of dietary exposure is increased.