从西天取经走向自主创新:中国经济学科发展方向探索

From Copying Western Theories to Independent Innovation:Future Development of Economic Discipline in China

自1901年严复翻译出版《国富论》,经济学在中国一直是社会科学的显学,尤其1978年改革开放以后,更是大量引进并普及西方经济学。经济学的理论来自于经济学现象的总结或是为解决经济问题而提出,必然内嵌于理论产生地的经济、社会、制度等条件之中,随着这些内嵌条件的变化,盛行一时的理论也就被新的理论所取代,引进的西方经济学理论并非"百世以俟圣人而不惑",更非"放诸四海而皆准"。我国作为发展中、转型中国家,经济学理论要实现"认识世界、改造世界"目标的统一,必须立足马克思主义的精神实质,根据我国发展阶段的特性,分析总结我国的经验和问题,进行自主创新。其他发展中国家的发展阶段及条件和我国相近,来自我国的经济学理论会比来自发达国家的理论对其他发展中国家更有参考借鉴的价值。

Since Yan Fu translated and published the Wealth of Nations in 1901,economics has always been a prominent social science in China.Especially after the reform and opening up in 1978,modern economics were massively introduced into China.The theory of economics comes from the generation of economic experiences or solving of economic problems.A theory must be embedded in the economic,social,institutional and other conditions of the place where the theory came into being.With the change of these embedded conditions,the prevailing theory will be replaced by new theory.The introduced western economic theory is not truth forever,let alone applicable everywhere.As a developing and transition country,China’s economic theory must innovate independently,following the spirit of Marxism and according to the nature of China’s stage of development as well as experiences and problems,in order to achieve the goal of"understanding and transforming the world".The conditions of other developing countries are similar to those of our country,and the economic theories from our country are more applicable to other developing countries than those from developed countries.