“淫靡说”辨正与元稹的女性观

A Critical Interpretation of"Obscene Comments"and the Female Writing in Yuan Zhen′s Poems

元稹诗歌中的女性书写往往从其深情天性出发,展现出对女性作为人类个体而非性别符号的平等尊重。其先进性主要体现于艳诗对女性之美的展现及悼亡诗对女性之真的彰显:在艳诗中,通过对女子具体姓名的书写、对独立个体之外形与性情的描摹以及对女性主体精神的发扬来彰显作者的女性观;在悼亡诗中,通过塑造厚情重谊、真率亲切和闲淡自持的女性形象来展现女性独特的个性色彩。通过索物托情、触物起情、虚实相生等手法及第二人称叙事方式的运用,元稹在诗歌中寄寓了对妻子的无尽怀念。元稹诗歌展现的女性观既出于诗人众生平等的观念,也与他天性中对美的敏锐感知有关。这些特质使其诗歌中的女性艳而不淫,因此后人指摘元稹的“淫靡说”当属形式论范畴,而非题材内容。

The female writing of Yuan Zhen′s poems are often based on his affectionate nature and shows equal respect for women as human beings rather than gender symbols.His unprecedented progressiveness is mainly reflected in the display of female beauty in erotic verses and the real manifestation of mourning poems to women:the progressive significance of female view in erotic poetry is the description of women′s specific names,the depiction of the appearance and disposition of independent individuals and the development of female subject spirit.The female image shown in the mourning poetry is characterized by abundant emotion,sincere kindness,and noble quality.The poet expressed endless yearning for his wife through the manner of asking for and touching former things,creating a blending feeling of the deficiency and excess,as well as the use of the second person narration.Yuan Zhe′s female view in his poetry is not only based on the poet′s concept of equality for all living beings,but also related to his keen perception of beauty.These characteristics make his female poetry gorgeous but not obscene.It can be concluded that"obscene comments"of his poems belong to the formalist category instead of theme or content domains.